fix(tolerance): complete workflow integration

Sync current main and companion codec changes before preserving unsupported frame rows, rendering in the entity plane, and sharing final layout metrics with placement preview.

src/entities/attribute.rs

@@ -200,6 +200,7 @@ fn build_attr_render(input: AttrTextInputs<'_>, document: &acadrust::CadDocument
             oblique_angle,
             is_backward: width_factor < 0.0,
             is_upside_down: false,
+            is_vertical: false,
         };
         let layout = layout_mtext(&MTextRenderOpts {
             // Not an MTEXT: text in a fixed box, never columnar.
@@ -213,6 +214,8 @@ fn build_attr_render(input: AttrTextInputs<'_>, document: &acadrust::CadDocument
             attach_h_anchor,
             v_anchor,
             line_spacing_factor: 1.0,
+            exact_line_spacing: false,
+            rectangle_height: 0.0,
             vertical_text: false,
             want_glyph_boxes: false,
         });
@@ -304,6 +307,7 @@ fn build_attr_render(input: AttrTextInputs<'_>, document: &acadrust::CadDocument
             origin,
             color: None,
             fill_tris,
+            plane: None,
             // Carry a GlyphRun so the attribute renders as SDF glyph quads
             // (same as TEXT); the strokes above are the historical fallback and
             // are suppressed by the per-group SDF path.

src/entities/mtext.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ use crate::entities::common::{
     edit_angle_prop as edit_angle, edit_prop as edit, num_prop as num_row, ro_prop as ro, square_grip, triangle_grip,
 };
 use crate::entities::text_support::{
-    layout_mtext, resolve_text_style, GlyphBox, MTextColumns, MTextRenderOpts, MTextVAnchor,
+    clamp_mtext_column_count, layout_mtext, resolve_text_style, GlyphBox, MTextColumns,
+    MTextRenderOpts, MTextVAnchor,
 };
 use crate::entities::traits::{Grippable, PropertyEditable, Transformable, RenderConvertible};
 use crate::scene::convert::acad_to_render::{RenderEntity, RenderObject};
@@ -24,10 +25,19 @@ fn columns_of(t: &MText) -> MTextColumns {
     if c.column_type == 0 {
         return MTextColumns::default();
     }
+    let count = clamp_mtext_column_count(c.column_count) as usize;
     MTextColumns {
-        count: c.column_count.max(0) as usize,
+        count,
         width: c.width as f32,
         gutter: c.gutter as f32,
+        flow_reversed: c.flow_reversed,
+        auto_height: c.auto_height,
+        heights: c
+            .heights
+            .iter()
+            .take(count)
+            .map(|height| *height as f32)
+            .collect(),
     }
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +130,14 @@ pub fn glyph_boxes(t: &MText, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> Vec<GlyphBox>
         attach_h_anchor,
         v_anchor,
         line_spacing_factor: t.line_spacing_factor as f32,
-        vertical_text: matches!(t.drawing_direction, DrawingDirection::TopToBottom),
+        exact_line_spacing: matches!(
+            t.line_spacing_style,
+            acadrust::entities::LineSpacingStyle::Exactly
+        ),
+        rectangle_height: t.rectangle_height.unwrap_or(0.0) as f32,
+        vertical_text: matches!(t.drawing_direction, DrawingDirection::TopToBottom)
+            || matches!(t.drawing_direction, DrawingDirection::ByStyle)
+                && resolved_style.is_vertical,
         want_glyph_boxes: true,
         columns: columns_of(t),
     });
@@ -169,7 +186,14 @@ fn to_render(t: &MText, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> RenderEntity {
         attach_h_anchor,
         v_anchor,
         line_spacing_factor: t.line_spacing_factor as f32,
-        vertical_text: matches!(t.drawing_direction, DrawingDirection::TopToBottom),
+        exact_line_spacing: matches!(
+            t.line_spacing_style,
+            acadrust::entities::LineSpacingStyle::Exactly
+        ),
+        rectangle_height: t.rectangle_height.unwrap_or(0.0) as f32,
+        vertical_text: matches!(t.drawing_direction, DrawingDirection::TopToBottom)
+            || matches!(t.drawing_direction, DrawingDirection::ByStyle)
+                && resolved_style.is_vertical,
         want_glyph_boxes: false,
         columns: columns_of(t),
     });
@@ -231,8 +255,43 @@ fn grips(t: &MText) -> Vec<GripDef> {
         t.insertion_point.z,
     );
     let (dir, k) = width_grip_axis(t);
-    let width_grip = p + dir * (k * t.rectangle_width.max(0.0));
-    vec![square_grip(0, p), triangle_grip(1, width_grip)]
+    let column_count = clamp_mtext_column_count(t.column_data.column_count);
+    let columns_active =
+        t.column_data.column_type != 0 && column_count > 1 && t.column_data.width > 0.0;
+    let block_width = if columns_active {
+        t.column_data.width * column_count as f64
+            + t.column_data.gutter * (column_count - 1) as f64
+    } else {
+        t.rectangle_width.max(0.0)
+    };
+    let width_grip = p + dir * (k * block_width);
+    let mut result = vec![square_grip(0, p), triangle_grip(1, width_grip)];
+
+    let height = t
+        .rectangle_height
+        .or_else(|| t.column_data.heights.first().copied())
+        .unwrap_or(0.0);
+    if height > 0.0 && !(columns_active && t.column_data.auto_height) {
+        let (sin, cos) = t.rotation.sin_cos();
+        let down = glam::DVec3::new(sin, -cos, 0.0);
+        let (_, vertical) = attach_anchors(t);
+        let factor = match vertical {
+            MTextVAnchor::Top
+            | MTextVAnchor::MiddleOfTopLine
+            | MTextVAnchor::BottomOfTopLine => 1.0,
+            MTextVAnchor::Middle => 0.5,
+            MTextVAnchor::Bottom | MTextVAnchor::MiddleOfBottomLine => -1.0,
+        };
+        result.push(triangle_grip(2, p + down * (factor * height)));
+    }
+    if columns_active {
+        result.push(triangle_grip(3, p + dir * (k * t.column_data.width)));
+        result.push(triangle_grip(
+            4,
+            p + dir * (k * (t.column_data.width + t.column_data.gutter)),
+        ));
+    }
+    result
 }
 
 fn columns_str(c: &acadrust::entities::MTextColumnData) -> &'static str {
@@ -248,10 +307,9 @@ fn properties(t: &MText, text_style_names: &[String]) -> Vec<PropSection> {
     // by the line-spacing factor.
     let line_space_distance = t.height * 1.666_666_666_666_667 * t.line_spacing_factor;
     let text_frame_on = (t.background_fill_flags & 0x10) != 0;
-    // Defined width is only live without columns; defined height is live for
-    // static columns or manual-height dynamic columns, grayed otherwise.
+    // Defined width is reported by Properties but is not edited there. Defined
+    // height remains live for static columns or manual-height dynamic columns.
     let col_type = t.column_data.column_type;
-    let width_editable = col_type == 0;
     let height_editable = col_type == 1 || (col_type == 2 && !t.column_data.auto_height);
     vec![
         PropSection {
@@ -353,7 +411,7 @@ fn properties(t: &MText, text_style_names: &[String]) -> Vec<PropSection> {
                             .collect(),
                     },
                 },
-                num_row(t!("Defined width").as_ref(), "rect_w", t.rectangle_width, width_editable),
+                num_row(t!("Defined width").as_ref(), "rect_w", t.rectangle_width, false),
                 num_row(
                     t!("Defined height").as_ref(),
                     "rect_h",
@@ -371,20 +429,6 @@ fn properties(t: &MText, text_style_names: &[String]) -> Vec<PropSection> {
                             .collect(),
                     },
                 },
-                // Count / width / gutter are live only when columns are on.
-                num_row(
-                    t!("Column count").as_ref(),
-                    "col_count",
-                    t.column_data.column_count as f64,
-                    col_type != 0,
-                ),
-                num_row(t!("Column width").as_ref(), "col_width", t.column_data.width, col_type != 0),
-                num_row(
-                    t!("Column gutter").as_ref(),
-                    "col_gutter",
-                    t.column_data.gutter,
-                    col_type != 0,
-                ),
                 Property {
                     label: t!("Text frame").into_owned(),
                     field: "text_frame",
@@ -502,21 +546,20 @@ fn apply_geom_prop(t: &mut MText, field: &str, value: &str) {
         "ins_y" => t.insertion_point.y = v,
         "ins_z" => t.insertion_point.z = v,
         "height" if v > 0.0 => t.height = v,
-        "rect_w" if v > 0.0 => t.rectangle_width = v,
-        "rect_h" if v > 0.0 => t.rectangle_height = Some(v),
+        "rect_h" if v >= 0.0 => t.rectangle_height = (v > 0.0).then_some(v),
         "rotation" => t.rotation = v.to_radians(),
-        "line_spacing" if v > 0.0 => t.line_spacing_factor = v,
+        "line_spacing" if (0.25..=4.0).contains(&v) => t.line_spacing_factor = v,
         // Editing the absolute distance back-solves the line-spacing factor so
         // the two stay consistent (distance = height × 5/3 × factor).
         "line_space_distance" if v > 0.0 => {
             let denom = t.height * 1.666_666_666_666_667;
             if denom > 0.0 {
-                t.line_spacing_factor = v / denom;
+                let factor = v / denom;
+                if (0.25..=4.0).contains(&factor) {
+                    t.line_spacing_factor = factor;
+                }
             }
         }
-        "col_count" if v >= 1.0 => t.column_data.column_count = v.round() as i32,
-        "col_width" if v > 0.0 => t.column_data.width = v,
-        "col_gutter" if v >= 0.0 => t.column_data.gutter = v,
         _ => {}
     }
 }
@@ -541,7 +584,60 @@ fn apply_grip(t: &mut MText, grip_id: usize, apply: GripApply) {
             let dx = p.x as f64 - t.insertion_point.x;
             let dy = p.y as f64 - t.insertion_point.y;
             let projected = dx * dir.x + dy * dir.y;
-            t.rectangle_width = (projected / k).max(0.01);
+            let width = (projected / k).max(0.0);
+            let column_count = clamp_mtext_column_count(t.column_data.column_count);
+            if t.column_data.column_type != 0 && column_count > 1 {
+                t.column_data.column_count = column_count;
+                let gaps = (column_count - 1) as f64;
+                t.column_data.width =
+                    ((width - t.column_data.gutter * gaps) / column_count as f64)
+                        .max(0.01);
+            } else {
+                t.rectangle_width = width;
+            }
+        }
+        (2, GripApply::Absolute(p)) => {
+            let (sin, cos) = t.rotation.sin_cos();
+            let down = glam::DVec3::new(sin, -cos, 0.0);
+            let delta = glam::DVec3::new(
+                p.x as f64 - t.insertion_point.x,
+                p.y as f64 - t.insertion_point.y,
+                p.z as f64 - t.insertion_point.z,
+            );
+            let (_, vertical) = attach_anchors(t);
+            let factor = match vertical {
+                MTextVAnchor::Top
+                | MTextVAnchor::MiddleOfTopLine
+                | MTextVAnchor::BottomOfTopLine => 1.0,
+                MTextVAnchor::Middle => 0.5,
+                MTextVAnchor::Bottom | MTextVAnchor::MiddleOfBottomLine => -1.0,
+            };
+            let height = (delta.dot(down) / factor).max(0.01);
+            t.rectangle_height = Some(height);
+            if t.column_data.column_type != 0 && !t.column_data.auto_height {
+                let column_count = clamp_mtext_column_count(t.column_data.column_count);
+                t.column_data.column_count = column_count;
+                t.column_data.heights = vec![height; column_count as usize];
+            }
+        }
+        (3, GripApply::Absolute(p)) => {
+            let (dir, k) = width_grip_axis(t);
+            let delta = glam::DVec3::new(
+                p.x as f64 - t.insertion_point.x,
+                p.y as f64 - t.insertion_point.y,
+                0.0,
+            );
+            t.column_data.width = (delta.dot(dir) / k).max(0.01);
+        }
+        (4, GripApply::Absolute(p)) => {
+            let (dir, k) = width_grip_axis(t);
+            let delta = glam::DVec3::new(
+                p.x as f64 - t.insertion_point.x,
+                p.y as f64 - t.insertion_point.y,
+                0.0,
+            );
+            t.column_data.gutter =
+                (delta.dot(dir) / k - t.column_data.width).max(0.0);
         }
         _ => {}
     }

src/entities/multileader.rs

@@ -195,6 +195,11 @@ fn to_render(ml: &MultiLeader, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> Option<Rende
                     },
                 ),
                 line_spacing_factor: ctx.line_spacing_factor as f32,
+                exact_line_spacing: matches!(
+                    ctx.line_spacing_style,
+                    acadrust::entities::LineSpacingStyle::Exactly
+                ),
+                rectangle_height: 0.0,
                 vertical_text: false,
                 want_glyph_boxes: false,
             }))
@@ -412,6 +417,7 @@ fn text_box_geom(ml: &MultiLeader) -> ([f64; 2], [f64; 3]) {
             oblique_angle: 0.0,
             is_backward: false,
             is_upside_down: false,
+            is_vertical: false,
         };
         let layout = layout_mtext(&MTextRenderOpts {
             columns: Default::default(),
@@ -424,6 +430,11 @@ fn text_box_geom(ml: &MultiLeader) -> ([f64; 2], [f64; 3]) {
             attach_h_anchor: 0.0,
             v_anchor: MTextVAnchor::Top,
             line_spacing_factor: ctx.line_spacing_factor as f32,
+            exact_line_spacing: matches!(
+                ctx.line_spacing_style,
+                acadrust::entities::LineSpacingStyle::Exactly
+            ),
+            rectangle_height: 0.0,
             vertical_text: vertical,
             want_glyph_boxes: false,
         });
@@ -2039,6 +2050,11 @@ impl MultiLeaderTess for MultiLeader {
                 attach_h_anchor: h_anchor,
                 v_anchor,
                 line_spacing_factor: ctx.line_spacing_factor as f32,
+                exact_line_spacing: matches!(
+                    ctx.line_spacing_style,
+                    acadrust::entities::LineSpacingStyle::Exactly
+                ),
+                rectangle_height: 0.0,
                 // Vertical flow (top-to-bottom) is stored per-context.
                 vertical_text: matches!(
                     ctx.text_flow_direction,

src/entities/raster_image.rs

@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ impl RenderConvertible for RasterImage {
             origin: ins,
             color: None,
             fill_tris: vec![],
+            plane: None,
             run: None,
         }];
 
@@ -218,6 +219,7 @@ impl RenderConvertible for RasterImage {
                 origin,
                 color: None,
                 fill_tris,
+                plane: None,
                 run: Some(GlyphRun {
                     text: path.to_string(),
                     font,

src/entities/table.rs

@@ -1187,6 +1187,7 @@ impl RenderConvertible for Table {
                     oblique_angle: style.map(|s| s.oblique_angle as f32).unwrap_or(0.0),
                     is_backward: style.map(|s| s.is_backward()).unwrap_or(false),
                     is_upside_down: style.map(|s| s.is_upside_down()).unwrap_or(false),
+                    is_vertical: style.map(|s| s.is_vertical).unwrap_or(false),
                 }
             };
 
@@ -1287,6 +1288,8 @@ impl RenderConvertible for Table {
                     attach_h_anchor,
                     v_anchor,
                     line_spacing_factor: 1.0,
+                    exact_line_spacing: false,
+                    rectangle_height: 0.0,
                     vertical_text: false,
                     want_glyph_boxes: false,
                 });
@@ -1453,6 +1456,7 @@ pub fn tessellate_table(
                 oblique_angle: style.map(|s| s.oblique_angle as f32).unwrap_or(0.0),
                 is_backward: style.map(|s| s.is_backward()).unwrap_or(false),
                 is_upside_down: style.map(|s| s.is_upside_down()).unwrap_or(false),
+                is_vertical: style.map(|s| s.is_vertical).unwrap_or(false),
             }
         };
 
@@ -1920,6 +1924,8 @@ pub fn tessellate_table(
                     attach_h_anchor,
                     v_anchor,
                     line_spacing_factor: 1.0,
+                    exact_line_spacing: false,
+                    rectangle_height: 0.0,
                     vertical_text: false,
                     want_glyph_boxes: false,
                 });

src/entities/text.rs

@@ -43,7 +43,24 @@ pub(crate) fn sync_text_alignment_point(t: &mut Text) {
         (HA::Left, VA::Baseline)
     );
     if needs_alignment_point {
-        if t.alignment_point.is_none() {
+        if matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned | HA::Fit) {
+            let point = t.alignment_point.unwrap_or(t.insertion_point);
+            let dx = point.x - t.insertion_point.x;
+            let dy = point.y - t.insertion_point.y;
+            if dx.hypot(dy) <= 1.0e-9 {
+                let span = t.height.max(1.0e-6)
+                    * t.width_factor.abs().max(0.01)
+                    * t.value.chars().count().max(1) as f64
+                    * 0.6;
+                t.alignment_point = Some(acadrust::types::Vector3::new(
+                    t.insertion_point.x + t.rotation.cos() * span,
+                    t.insertion_point.y + t.rotation.sin() * span,
+                    t.insertion_point.z,
+                ));
+            } else {
+                t.alignment_point = Some(point);
+            }
+        } else if t.alignment_point.is_none() {
             t.alignment_point = Some(t.insertion_point);
         }
     } else {
@@ -51,6 +68,21 @@ pub(crate) fn sync_text_alignment_point(t: &mut Text) {
     }
 }
 
+fn two_point_span(t: &Text) -> Option<(f64, f64)> {
+    if !matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned | HA::Fit) {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let point = t.alignment_point?;
+    let dx = point.x - t.insertion_point.x;
+    let dy = point.y - t.insertion_point.y;
+    let distance = dx.hypot(dy);
+    (distance > 1.0e-9).then(|| (distance, dy.atan2(dx)))
+}
+
+fn displayed_rotation(t: &Text) -> f64 {
+    two_point_span(t).map_or(t.rotation, |(_, angle)| angle)
+}
+
 /// Resolved placement of a TEXT run: the baseline-anchored run origin (WCS xy)
 /// plus every parameter needed to lay the glyphs out. Shared by `to_render` (the
 /// stroke path) and the SDF-quad text collector so both place text identically.
@@ -98,8 +130,12 @@ pub(crate) fn acad_text_encode(value: &str) -> String {
     out
 }
 
-fn to_render(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> RenderEntity {
-    let p = text_run_placement(t, document);
+pub(crate) fn to_render_at_scale(
+    t: &Text,
+    document: &acadrust::CadDocument,
+    annotation_scale: f32,
+) -> RenderEntity {
+    let p = text_run_placement_at_scale(t, document, annotation_scale);
     let snap_pt = glam::DVec3::new(p.wcs_insertion[0], p.wcs_insertion[1], p.wcs_insertion[2]);
     // Parse `%%` codes via acadrust, re-encoded for the stroke tessellator.
     let value = acad_text_encode(&p.value);
@@ -120,6 +156,7 @@ fn to_render(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> RenderEntity {
             origin: p.origin,
             color: None,
             fill_tris,
+            plane: None,
             run: Some(GlyphRun {
                 text: value,
                 font: p.font.clone(),
@@ -140,7 +177,16 @@ fn to_render(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> RenderEntity {
 
 /// Compute a TEXT entity's run placement (origin + layout params). Extracted
 /// from `to_render` verbatim so the stroke and SDF-quad paths agree exactly.
-pub fn text_run_placement(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> TextPlacement {
+pub fn text_run_placement_at_scale(
+    t: &Text,
+    document: &acadrust::CadDocument,
+    annotation_scale: f32,
+) -> TextPlacement {
+    let annotation_scale = if annotation_scale.is_finite() && annotation_scale > 1.0e-9 {
+        annotation_scale
+    } else {
+        1.0
+    };
     let normal = (t.normal.x, t.normal.y, t.normal.z);
     let (wsx, wsy, wsz) = crate::scene::view::transform::ocs_point_to_wcs(
         (
@@ -152,10 +198,9 @@ pub fn text_run_placement(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> TextPla
     );
     let resolved_style = resolve_text_style(&t.style, document);
     let font_name = resolved_style.font_name;
-    // AutoCAD text geometry rule: the entity stores the FINAL width factor /
-    // oblique angle, copied from the style at creation and persisting through
-    // style edits. Use it as-is. Only fall back to the style when the entity
-    // value is missing (the parser reports 0.0 for default-omitted fields).
+    // The entity stores the final width factor and oblique angle copied from
+    // its style at creation. Only fall back to the style when an omitted field
+    // was read as zero.
     let base_wf = if t.width_factor.abs() > 1e-9 {
         (t.width_factor as f32).clamp(0.01, 100.0)
     } else {
@@ -168,17 +213,44 @@ pub fn text_run_placement(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> TextPla
     // mirror, and XOR keeps a double mirror an involution.
     let eff_backward = resolved_style.is_backward ^ (t.generation_flags & 0x2 != 0);
     let eff_upside = resolved_style.is_upside_down ^ (t.generation_flags & 0x4 != 0);
-    let width_factor = if eff_backward { -base_wf } else { base_wf };
-    let rotation = if eff_upside {
-        t.rotation as f32 + std::f32::consts::PI
-    } else {
-        t.rotation as f32
-    };
+    let mut width_factor = if eff_backward { -base_wf } else { base_wf };
     let oblique_angle = if t.oblique_angle.abs() > 1e-9 {
         t.oblique_angle as f32
     } else {
         resolved_style.oblique_angle
     };
+    let value_for_bounds = resolve_dxf_special_chars(&t.value);
+    let mut height = t.height.max(1.0e-9) as f32;
+    let mut base_rotation = t.rotation as f32;
+
+    // Aligned and Fit are true two-point modes. Both derive their baseline
+    // direction from the endpoints. Aligned scales height uniformly; Fit keeps
+    // the height and changes only the horizontal factor.
+    if let Some((span, angle)) = two_point_span(t) {
+        base_rotation = angle as f32;
+        if let Some(base_bounds) = text_local_bounds(
+            &font_name,
+            &value_for_bounds,
+            height,
+            width_factor,
+            oblique_angle,
+        ) {
+            if base_bounds.advance > 1.0e-6 {
+                let scale =
+                    (span as f32 / annotation_scale / base_bounds.advance).max(1.0e-6);
+                if matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned) {
+                    height *= scale;
+                } else {
+                    width_factor *= scale;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let rotation = if eff_upside {
+        base_rotation + std::f32::consts::PI
+    } else {
+        base_rotation
+    };
     // Anchor stays f64: large coordinates (UTM etc.) lose ~0.5 units of
     // precision when cast to f32, which snaps text baselines onto a coarse
     // grid and makes adjacent rows collide. Only the small local offsets
@@ -188,17 +260,16 @@ pub fn text_run_placement(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> TextPla
         &t.vertical_alignment,
         &t.alignment_point,
     ) {
-        (HA::Aligned | HA::Middle | HA::Fit, _, Some(a)) => [a.x, a.y],
+        (HA::Aligned | HA::Fit, _, _) => [t.insertion_point.x, t.insertion_point.y],
+        (HA::Middle, _, Some(a)) => [a.x, a.y],
         (HA::Center | HA::Right, _, Some(a)) => [a.x, a.y],
         (_, VA::Bottom | VA::Middle | VA::Top, Some(a)) => [a.x, a.y],
         _ => [t.insertion_point.x, t.insertion_point.y],
     };
-    // Strip %%u/%%o for bounds (they add no width); resolve %%d/%%c/%%p for correct advance.
-    let value_for_bounds = resolve_dxf_special_chars(&t.value);
     let bounds = text_local_bounds(
         &font_name,
         &value_for_bounds,
-        t.height as f32,
+        height,
         width_factor,
         oblique_angle,
     );
@@ -213,7 +284,8 @@ pub fn text_run_placement(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> TextPla
         let ax = match t.horizontal_alignment {
             HA::Left => 0.0,
             HA::Center | HA::Middle => b.advance * 0.5 * sign,
-            HA::Right | HA::Aligned | HA::Fit => b.advance * sign,
+            HA::Right => b.advance * sign,
+            HA::Aligned | HA::Fit => 0.0,
         };
         // Vertical anchor uses the inked extent (cap / baseline geometry).
         let ay = match t.vertical_alignment {
@@ -236,7 +308,7 @@ pub fn text_run_placement(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> TextPla
     ];
     TextPlacement {
         origin,
-        height: t.height as f32,
+        height,
         rotation,
         width_factor,
         oblique_angle,
@@ -247,12 +319,19 @@ pub fn text_run_placement(t: &Text, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> TextPla
 }
 
 fn grips(t: &Text) -> Vec<GripDef> {
-    let p = glam::DVec3::new(
+    let insertion = glam::DVec3::new(
         t.insertion_point.x,
         t.insertion_point.y,
         t.insertion_point.z,
     );
-    vec![square_grip(0, p)]
+    let mut grips = vec![square_grip(0, insertion)];
+    if let Some(point) = t.alignment_point {
+        grips.push(square_grip(
+            1,
+            glam::DVec3::new(point.x, point.y, point.z),
+        ));
+    }
+    grips
 }
 
 fn properties(t: &Text, text_style_names: &[String]) -> Vec<PropSection> {
@@ -263,15 +342,25 @@ fn properties(t: &Text, text_style_names: &[String]) -> Vec<PropSection> {
     // both points are live.
     let is_plain_left = matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Left)
         && matches!(t.vertical_alignment, VA::Baseline);
-    let pos_editable = is_plain_left || matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned | HA::Fit);
-    let align_editable = !is_plain_left;
-    // The alignment point is meaningless (reset to the origin) for plain-Left text.
+    let is_aligned = matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned);
+    let is_two_point = matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned | HA::Fit);
+    // The visible Properties palette exposes Text alignment as calculated
+    // coordinates and Position as the editable placement point. For aligned
+    // and fit text Position targets the first endpoint; for every other
+    // non-left mode it targets the alignment anchor that actually places the
+    // glyph run.
+    let position_uses_alignment = !is_plain_left && !is_two_point;
     let ap = t.alignment_point.unwrap_or(t.insertion_point);
-    let (ax, ay, az) = if align_editable {
+    let (ax, ay, az) = if !is_plain_left {
         (ap.x, ap.y, ap.z)
     } else {
         (0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
     };
+    let position = if position_uses_alignment {
+        ap
+    } else {
+        t.insertion_point
+    };
     vec![
         PropSection {
             title: t!("Text").into_owned(),
@@ -331,22 +420,31 @@ fn properties(t: &Text, text_style_names: &[String]) -> Vec<PropSection> {
                     t!("Height").as_ref(),
                     "height",
                     t.height,
-                    crate::entities::common::style_fixed_height(&t.style).is_none(),
+                    !is_aligned
+                        && crate::entities::common::style_fixed_height(&t.style).is_none(),
                 ),
-                edit_angle(t!("Rotation").as_ref(), "rotation", t.rotation.to_degrees()),
+                if is_two_point {
+                    ro(
+                        t!("Rotation").as_ref(),
+                        "rotation",
+                        crate::entities::common::format_angle(displayed_rotation(t)),
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    edit_angle(t!("Rotation").as_ref(), "rotation", t.rotation.to_degrees())
+                },
                 edit(t!("Width factor").as_ref(), "width_factor", t.width_factor),
                 edit_angle(t!("Obliquing").as_ref(), "oblique_angle", t.oblique_angle.to_degrees()),
-                num_row(t!("Text alignment X").as_ref(), "align_x", ax, align_editable),
-                num_row(t!("Text alignment Y").as_ref(), "align_y", ay, align_editable),
-                num_row(t!("Text alignment Z").as_ref(), "align_z", az, align_editable),
+                num_row(t!("Text alignment X").as_ref(), "align_x", ax, false),
+                num_row(t!("Text alignment Y").as_ref(), "align_y", ay, false),
+                num_row(t!("Text alignment Z").as_ref(), "align_z", az, false),
             ],
         },
         PropSection {
             title: t!("Geometry").into_owned(),
             props: vec![
-                num_row(t!("Position X").as_ref(), "ins_x", t.insertion_point.x, pos_editable),
-                num_row(t!("Position Y").as_ref(), "ins_y", t.insertion_point.y, pos_editable),
-                num_row(t!("Position Z").as_ref(), "ins_z", t.insertion_point.z, pos_editable),
+                num_row(t!("Position X").as_ref(), "ins_x", position.x, true),
+                num_row(t!("Position Y").as_ref(), "ins_y", position.y, true),
+                num_row(t!("Position Z").as_ref(), "ins_z", position.z, true),
             ],
         },
         PropSection {
@@ -439,37 +537,64 @@ fn apply_geom_prop(t: &mut Text, field: &str, value: &str) {
         return;
     };
     match field {
-        "ins_x" => t.insertion_point.x = v,
-        "ins_y" => t.insertion_point.y = v,
-        "ins_z" => t.insertion_point.z = v,
-        "align_x" | "align_y" | "align_z" => {
-            let ins = t.insertion_point;
-            let ap = t.alignment_point.get_or_insert(ins);
+        "ins_x" | "ins_y" | "ins_z" => {
+            let plain_left = matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Left)
+                && matches!(t.vertical_alignment, VA::Baseline);
+            let two_point = matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned | HA::Fit);
+            let target = if !plain_left && !two_point {
+                let insertion = t.insertion_point;
+                t.alignment_point.get_or_insert(insertion)
+            } else {
+                &mut t.insertion_point
+            };
             match field {
-                "align_x" => ap.x = v,
-                "align_y" => ap.y = v,
-                _ => ap.z = v,
+                "ins_x" => target.x = v,
+                "ins_y" => target.y = v,
+                _ => target.z = v,
             }
         }
-        "height" if v > 0.0 => t.height = v,
-        "rotation" => t.rotation = v.to_radians(),
+        "align_x" | "align_y" | "align_z" => {
+            // Calculated display rows are intentionally not writable.
+            return;
+        }
+        "height"
+            if v > 0.0 && !matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned) =>
+        {
+            t.height = v
+        }
+        "rotation" if !matches!(t.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned | HA::Fit) => {
+            t.rotation = v.to_radians()
+        }
         "width_factor" if v > 0.0 => t.width_factor = v,
-        "oblique_angle" => t.oblique_angle = v.to_radians(),
+        "oblique_angle" if (-85.0..=85.0).contains(&v) => {
+            t.oblique_angle = v.to_radians()
+        }
         _ => {}
     }
 }
 
-fn apply_grip(t: &mut Text, _grip_id: usize, apply: GripApply) {
+fn apply_grip(t: &mut Text, grip_id: usize, apply: GripApply) {
     match apply {
         GripApply::Absolute(p) => {
-            t.insertion_point.x = p.x as f64;
-            t.insertion_point.y = p.y as f64;
-            t.insertion_point.z = p.z as f64;
+            let target = if grip_id == 1 {
+                let insertion = t.insertion_point;
+                t.alignment_point.get_or_insert(insertion)
+            } else {
+                &mut t.insertion_point
+            };
+            target.x = p.x;
+            target.y = p.y;
+            target.z = p.z;
         }
         GripApply::Translate(d) => {
-            t.insertion_point.x += d.x as f64;
-            t.insertion_point.y += d.y as f64;
-            t.insertion_point.z += d.z as f64;
+            t.insertion_point.x += d.x;
+            t.insertion_point.y += d.y;
+            t.insertion_point.z += d.z;
+            if let Some(point) = t.alignment_point.as_mut() {
+                point.x += d.x;
+                point.y += d.y;
+                point.z += d.z;
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -495,7 +620,7 @@ fn apply_transform(t: &mut Text, tr: &EntityTransform) {
 
 impl RenderConvertible for Text {
     fn to_render(&self, document: &acadrust::CadDocument) -> Option<RenderEntity> {
-        Some(to_render(self, document))
+        Some(to_render_at_scale(self, document, 1.0))
     }
 }
 
@@ -551,7 +676,9 @@ impl Grippable for Text {
         value: f64,
     ) {
         use crate::scene::model::object::GripMenuAction as A;
-        if matches!(action, A::RotateText) {
+        if matches!(action, A::RotateText)
+            && !matches!(self.horizontal_alignment, HA::Aligned | HA::Fit)
+        {
             self.rotation = value.to_radians();
         }
     }

src/entities/text_support.rs

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ pub struct ResolvedTextStyle {
     pub oblique_angle: f32,
     pub is_backward: bool,
     pub is_upside_down: bool,
+    pub is_vertical: bool,
 }
 
 pub fn resolve_text_style(style_name: &str, document: &CadDocument) -> ResolvedTextStyle {
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ pub fn resolve_text_style(style_name: &str, document: &CadDocument) -> ResolvedT
         oblique_angle: style.map(|s| s.oblique_angle as f32).unwrap_or(0.0),
         is_backward: style.map(|s| s.is_backward()).unwrap_or(false),
         is_upside_down: style.map(|s| s.is_upside_down()).unwrap_or(false),
+        is_vertical: style.map(|s| s.is_vertical).unwrap_or(false),
     }
 }
 
@@ -1012,6 +1014,11 @@ pub struct MTextRenderOpts<'a> {
     pub v_anchor: MTextVAnchor,
     /// DXF code 44 — multiplier on the default 5/3-em baseline gap.
     pub line_spacing_factor: f32,
+    /// `true` fixes every baseline advance to the entity spacing. `false`
+    /// treats it as a minimum and expands for taller inline runs.
+    pub exact_line_spacing: bool,
+    /// User-defined text-box/column height. Zero means content-driven.
+    pub rectangle_height: f32,
     /// `true` when the entity is laid out top-to-bottom (DXF code 71 = 2).
     pub vertical_text: bool,
     /// When true, `layout_mtext` also fills `MTextLayout::glyph_boxes` with
@@ -1025,10 +1032,15 @@ pub struct MTextRenderOpts<'a> {
 
 /// An MTEXT's column layout, flattened from its `column_data`.
 ///
-/// Content moves to the next column at a `\N` break. Filling a column and
-/// spilling into the next on its own is not modelled: `heights` / `auto_height`
-/// are not read, so a column runs as long as its content does.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default)]
+/// Content moves to the next column at an explicit `\N` break or when the
+/// configured manual/automatic column height is exhausted.
+pub(crate) const MAX_MTEXT_COLUMNS: i32 = 256;
+
+pub(crate) fn clamp_mtext_column_count(count: i32) -> i32 {
+    count.clamp(1, MAX_MTEXT_COLUMNS)
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
 pub struct MTextColumns {
     /// Column count. 0 or 1 both mean "no column layout".
     pub count: usize,
@@ -1036,6 +1048,12 @@ pub struct MTextColumns {
     pub width: f32,
     /// Gap between two adjacent columns, world units.
     pub gutter: f32,
+    /// Whether logical column flow starts at the opposite side.
+    pub flow_reversed: bool,
+    /// Dynamic-column height is balanced from content when true.
+    pub auto_height: bool,
+    /// Optional manual height for each logical column.
+    pub heights: Vec<f32>,
 }
 
 impl MTextColumns {
@@ -1046,7 +1064,17 @@ impl MTextColumns {
 
     /// Left edge of column `i`, relative to the text block's own left edge.
     pub fn offset_of(&self, i: usize) -> f32 {
-        i as f32 * (self.width + self.gutter)
+        let physical = if self.flow_reversed {
+            self.count.saturating_sub(1).saturating_sub(i)
+        } else {
+            i
+        };
+        physical as f32 * (self.width + self.gutter)
+    }
+
+    fn total_width(&self) -> f32 {
+        self.width * self.count as f32
+            + self.gutter.max(0.0) * self.count.saturating_sub(1) as f32
     }
 }
 
@@ -1118,6 +1146,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
         indent_right: f32,
         tab_stops: Vec<TabStop>,
         is_first_in_paragraph: bool,
+        starts_column: bool,
         /// Which column this line lives in; always 0 without a column layout.
         column: usize,
         /// Extra gap above (paragraph's first wrapped line only) / below (last
@@ -1128,7 +1157,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
         line_spacing: Option<ParaLineSpacing>,
     }
 
-    let cols = opts.columns;
+    let cols = opts.columns.clone();
     // A `\N` past the last column has nowhere to go — keep those lines in the
     // last one rather than laying them out beyond the block.
     let last_col = cols.count.saturating_sub(1);
@@ -1255,6 +1284,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
                 indent_right: para.indent_right,
                 tab_stops: para.tab_stops.clone(),
                 is_first_in_paragraph: idx == 0,
+                starts_column: idx == 0 && para.starts_column,
                 column,
                 // The gap above rides the first wrapped line; the gap below the
                 // last, so an interior wrap keeps normal single spacing.
@@ -1277,6 +1307,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
             indent_right: 0.0,
             tab_stops: Vec::new(),
             is_first_in_paragraph: true,
+            starts_column: false,
             column: 0,
             space_before: 0.0,
             space_after: 0.0,
@@ -1366,15 +1397,86 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
             };
             // A paragraph's own `\psm#`/`\pse#` overrides the entity factor for
             // its lines; `Exact` fixes the baseline gap outright.
+            let entity_gap = entity_h * ls_factor * (5.0 / 3.0) * base_font.line_spacing();
             match s.line_spacing {
                 Some(ParaLineSpacing::Exact(e)) if e > 0.0 => e,
                 Some(ParaLineSpacing::Multiple(m)) if m > 0.0 => {
                     mh * m * (5.0 / 3.0) * base_font.line_spacing()
                 }
-                _ => mh * ls_factor * (5.0 / 3.0) * base_font.line_spacing(),
+                _ if opts.exact_line_spacing => entity_gap,
+                _ => (mh * ls_factor * (5.0 / 3.0) * base_font.line_spacing())
+                    .max(entity_gap),
             }
         })
         .collect();
+
+    // Flow lines into the next column when the active column's configured
+    // height is exhausted. Explicit `\N` breaks remain authoritative. Dynamic
+    // auto-height balances the content; static/manual columns use their stored
+    // height (falling back to the entity rectangle height).
+    if cols.active() {
+        let mut pending_after = 0.0_f32;
+        let total_advance: f32 = sub_lines
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .map(|(index, line)| {
+                if line.starts_column {
+                    pending_after = 0.0;
+                }
+                let spacing = if line.is_first_in_paragraph {
+                    line.space_before + pending_after
+                } else {
+                    0.0
+                };
+                pending_after = line.space_after;
+                per_line_h.get(index).copied().unwrap_or(entity_h) + spacing
+            })
+            .sum();
+        let balanced = (total_advance / cols.count.max(1) as f32).max(entity_h);
+        let mut current_column = 0usize;
+        let mut used = 0.0_f32;
+        let mut pending_after = 0.0_f32;
+        for (index, line) in sub_lines.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+            if line.starts_column {
+                current_column = (current_column + 1).min(cols.count - 1);
+                used = 0.0;
+                pending_after = 0.0;
+            }
+            let limit = if cols.auto_height {
+                balanced
+            } else {
+                cols.heights
+                    .get(current_column)
+                    .copied()
+                    .filter(|height| *height > 0.0)
+                    .unwrap_or(opts.rectangle_height)
+            };
+            let line_advance = per_line_h.get(index).copied().unwrap_or(entity_h);
+            let spacing = if line.is_first_in_paragraph {
+                line.space_before + pending_after
+            } else {
+                0.0
+            };
+            let mut advance = line_advance + spacing;
+            if limit > 0.0
+                && used > 0.0
+                && used + advance > limit
+                && current_column + 1 < cols.count
+            {
+                current_column += 1;
+                used = 0.0;
+                advance = line_advance
+                    + if line.is_first_in_paragraph {
+                        line.space_before
+                    } else {
+                        0.0
+                    };
+            }
+            line.column = current_column;
+            used += advance;
+            pending_after = line.space_after;
+        }
+    }
     // Per-line text height — the tallest Word on the line, an empty line
     // inheriting the previous line's height (same rule as `per_line_h`). Unlike
     // `line_max_h` it has no `entity_h` floor, so it reflects the ACTUAL text
@@ -1442,7 +1544,12 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
         MTextVAnchor::BottomOfTopLine => 0.0,
     };
     let attach_h_anchor = opts.attach_h_anchor;
-    let box_left = -attach_h_anchor * rect_w;
+    let block_width = if cols.active() {
+        cols.total_width()
+    } else {
+        rect_w
+    };
+    let box_left = -attach_h_anchor * block_width;
     let rot = opts.rotation;
     let (cos_r, sin_r) = (rot.cos(), rot.sin());
     let ins_x = opts.insertion[0];
@@ -1734,6 +1841,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
                                 origin,
                                 color,
                                 fill_tris,
+                                plane: None,
                                 run: Some(GlyphRun {
                                     text: s,
                                     font: font_name.to_string(),
@@ -1806,6 +1914,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
                         origin,
                         color,
                         fill_tris,
+                        plane: None,
                         run: Some(GlyphRun {
                             text: text.clone(),
                             font: font_name.to_string(),
@@ -1840,6 +1949,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
                                 origin,
                                 color,
                                 fill_tris: vec![],
+                                plane: None,
                                 run: None,
                             });
                         }
@@ -1938,6 +2048,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
                             origin,
                             color,
                             fill_tris,
+                            plane: None,
                             run: Some(GlyphRun {
                                 text: text.to_string(),
                                 font: font_name.to_string(),
@@ -1953,6 +2064,49 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
                     emit(denominator, valign_dy);
                     emit(numerator, valign_dy + run_h * STACK_RAISE);
 
+                    if opts.want_glyph_boxes {
+                        let slots = numerator.chars().count()
+                            + denominator.chars().count()
+                            + usize::from(!denominator.is_empty());
+                        if slots > 0 {
+                            let top = valign_dy + run_h * (STACK_RAISE + STACK_HALF_SCALE);
+                            for index in 0..slots {
+                                let x0 = cursor_x + slot_w * index as f32 / slots as f32;
+                                let x1 = cursor_x + slot_w * (index + 1) as f32 / slots as f32;
+                                let corners = [
+                                    to_world(line_base_x, line_base_y, x0, valign_dy),
+                                    to_world(line_base_x, line_base_y, x1, valign_dy),
+                                    to_world(line_base_x, line_base_y, x0, top),
+                                    to_world(line_base_x, line_base_y, x1, top),
+                                ];
+                                let xmin = corners
+                                    .iter()
+                                    .map(|p| p.0)
+                                    .fold(f32::INFINITY, f32::min);
+                                let xmax = corners
+                                    .iter()
+                                    .map(|p| p.0)
+                                    .fold(f32::NEG_INFINITY, f32::max);
+                                let ymin = corners
+                                    .iter()
+                                    .map(|p| p.1)
+                                    .fold(f32::INFINITY, f32::min);
+                                let ymax = corners
+                                    .iter()
+                                    .map(|p| p.1)
+                                    .fold(f32::NEG_INFINITY, f32::max);
+                                glyph_boxes.push(GlyphBox {
+                                    vis,
+                                    xmin,
+                                    xmax,
+                                    ymin,
+                                    ymax,
+                                });
+                                vis += 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
                     if *bar && slot_w > 0.0 {
                         // The rule is plain geometry, not a glyph, so it rides a
                         // run-less group — those keep their strokes, while a
@@ -1972,9 +2126,15 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
                             origin: [ox, oy],
                             color,
                             fill_tris: Vec::new(),
+                            plane: None,
                             run: None,
                         });
                     }
+                    local_bounds[0] = local_bounds[0].min(cursor_x);
+                    local_bounds[1] = local_bounds[1].min(line_ly + valign_dy);
+                    local_bounds[2] = local_bounds[2].max(cursor_x + slot_w);
+                    local_bounds[3] = local_bounds[3]
+                        .max(line_ly + valign_dy + run_h * (STACK_RAISE + STACK_HALF_SCALE));
                     cursor_x += slot_w;
                 }
                 AtomKind::Space => {
@@ -2041,6 +2201,7 @@ pub fn layout_mtext(opts: &MTextRenderOpts) -> MTextLayout {
                                 origin,
                                 color,
                                 fill_tris: vec![],
+                                plane: None,
                                 run: None,
                             });
                         }
@@ -2169,6 +2330,7 @@ mod tests {
             oblique_angle: 0.0,
             is_backward: false,
             is_upside_down: false,
+            is_vertical: false,
         }
     }
 
@@ -2199,6 +2361,8 @@ mod tests {
             attach_h_anchor: 0.0,
             v_anchor: MTextVAnchor::Top,
             line_spacing_factor: 1.0,
+            exact_line_spacing: false,
+            rectangle_height: 0.0,
             vertical_text: false,
             want_glyph_boxes: false,
         });
@@ -2222,6 +2386,8 @@ mod tests {
             attach_h_anchor: 0.0,
             v_anchor: MTextVAnchor::Top,
             line_spacing_factor: 1.0,
+            exact_line_spacing: false,
+            rectangle_height: 0.0,
             vertical_text: false,
             want_glyph_boxes: false,
         });
@@ -2378,6 +2544,7 @@ mod v_anchor_tests {
             oblique_angle: 0.0,
             is_backward: false,
             is_upside_down: false,
+            is_vertical: false,
         };
         layout_mtext(&MTextRenderOpts {
             columns: Default::default(),
@@ -2390,6 +2557,8 @@ mod v_anchor_tests {
             attach_h_anchor: 0.0,
             v_anchor: MTextVAnchor::Top,
             line_spacing_factor: 1.0,
+            exact_line_spacing: false,
+            rectangle_height: 0.0,
             vertical_text: false,
             want_glyph_boxes: true,
         })

src/entities/tolerance.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@ use acadrust::entities::Tolerance;
 use crate::command::EntityTransform;
 use crate::entities::common::{edit_prop as edit, ro_prop as ro, square_grip};
 use crate::entities::traits::{Grippable, PropertyEditable, Transformable, RenderConvertible};
-use crate::scene::convert::acad_to_render::{GlyphRun, TextStroke, RenderEntity, RenderObject};
+use crate::scene::convert::acad_to_render::{
+    GlyphRun, RenderEntity, RenderObject, TextPlane, TextStroke,
+};
 use crate::scene::model::object::{GripApply, GripDef, PropSection, PropValue, Property};
 use crate::scene::model::wire_model::SnapHint;
 use crate::scene::text::lff;
@@ -131,7 +133,7 @@ fn parse_cell(s: &str) -> Cell {
 /// (`\Fgdt.shx|b0|i0|c134|p6;j`), so match the name and skip to the `;` rather
 /// than demanding the bare `\Fgdt;` form — the parameterised spelling is legal
 /// and would otherwise drop the symbol silently.
-fn symbol_font_switch(inner: &str) -> Option<char> {
+pub(crate) fn symbol_font_switch(inner: &str) -> Option<char> {
     let rest = inner
         .strip_prefix("\\F")
         .or_else(|| inner.strip_prefix("\\f"))?;
@@ -247,15 +249,13 @@ fn content_width(
 /// One text run of a feature-control frame, ready to become a `TextStroke`
 /// with a `GlyphRun` so the run can render as SDF glyph quads (or, when
 /// SDF is off, from `strokes`). `origin` is relative to the tolerance insertion
-/// point (already rotated); `strokes` are the glyph polylines rotated about the
-/// origin (no origin translation — the wire-builder adds the origin).
+/// point; `strokes` remain in the frame's local plane.
 struct TolCell {
     text: String,
     font: String,
     origin: [f32; 2],
     strokes: Vec<Vec<[f32; 2]>>,
     height: f32,
-    rotation: f32,
     width_factor: f32,
     oblique: f32,
 }
@@ -263,8 +263,8 @@ struct TolCell {
 /// Tessellate a Tolerance entity's feature-control frame.
 ///
 /// Returns (`box_strokes`, `cells`):
-///   - `box_strokes` — the outer border, row separators and column dividers as
-///     2-D polylines (rotated; run-less, so they always render as strokes)
+///   - `box_strokes` — the outer border, row separators and column dividers in
+///     frame-local coordinates
 ///   - `cells` — one [`TolCell`] per non-empty cell, carrying its text + a
 ///     `GlyphRun` so the cell renders as SDF text (frame stays geometry).
 fn tessellate_tolerance(
@@ -341,13 +341,6 @@ fn tessellate_tolerance(
         .map(|row| row.iter().map(|c| cell_width(c)).collect())
         .collect();
 
-    // ── Transform helpers (local space — translation applied in tessellate.rs) ──
-    let angle = (tol.direction.y as f32).atan2(tol.direction.x as f32);
-    let (sa, ca) = angle.sin_cos();
-
-    // Rotate only; origin is kept as f64 and applied later with full precision.
-    let rot = |x: f32, y: f32| -> [f32; 2] { [x * ca - y * sa, x * sa + y * ca] };
-
     let mut box_out: Vec<Vec<[f32; 2]>> = Vec::new();
     let mut cells: Vec<TolCell> = Vec::new();
 
@@ -370,11 +363,11 @@ fn tessellate_tolerance(
         let y0 = row_bottom(ri);
         let y1 = y0 + cell_h;
         box_out.push(vec![
-            rot(0.0, y0),
-            rot(rw, y0),
-            rot(rw, y1),
-            rot(0.0, y1),
-            rot(0.0, y0),
+            [0.0, y0],
+            [rw, y0],
+            [rw, y1],
+            [0.0, y1],
+            [0.0, y0],
         ]);
     }
 
@@ -385,15 +378,13 @@ fn tessellate_tolerance(
         let mut x_cursor = 0.0_f32;
         for w in widths.iter().take(widths.len().saturating_sub(1)) {
             x_cursor += w;
-            box_out.push(vec![rot(x_cursor, y0), rot(x_cursor, y1)]);
+            box_out.push(vec![[x_cursor, y0], [x_cursor, y1]]);
         }
     }
 
     // ── Text content per cell ─────────────────────────────────────────────
-    // Each cell becomes a TolCell: its origin is the (rotated) cell position
-    // relative to the insertion point; its `strokes` are the glyph polylines
-    // rotated about that origin (used only when SDF is off). The GlyphRun the
-    // caller attaches lets the cell render as SDF text.
+    // Each cell stays in frame-local coordinates; the renderer maps the frame
+    // into its world-space plane.
     for (ri, row) in rows.iter().enumerate() {
         // The compartment is 2h tall and the character h, so an h/2 margin
         // centres the text on the row's centreline.
@@ -427,21 +418,17 @@ fn tessellate_tolerance(
                             &font,
                             &text,
                         );
-                    // Glyph polylines rotated about the run's origin (no origin
-                    // translation — the wire-builder adds `origin`).
                     let strokes: Vec<Vec<[f32; 2]>> = local_strokes
                         .into_iter()
-                        .map(|pl| pl.into_iter().map(|[px, py]| rot(px, py)).collect())
                         .filter(|pl: &Vec<[f32; 2]>| !pl.is_empty())
                         .collect();
                     let advance = run_advance(&text, &font, h, width_factor, oblique);
                     cells.push(TolCell {
                         text,
                         font,
-                        origin: rot(run_x, row_y),
+                        origin: [run_x, row_y],
                         strokes,
                         height: h,
-                        rotation: angle,
                         width_factor,
                         oblique,
                     });
@@ -455,6 +442,24 @@ fn tessellate_tolerance(
     (box_out, cells)
 }
 
+pub(crate) fn preview_strokes(
+    tol: &Tolerance,
+    doc: &acadrust::CadDocument,
+) -> Vec<Vec<[f32; 2]>> {
+    tessellate_tolerance(tol, doc).0
+}
+
+fn frame_basis(tol: &Tolerance) -> (glam::DVec3, glam::DVec3) {
+    let normal = glam::DVec3::new(tol.normal.x, tol.normal.y, tol.normal.z)
+        .normalize_or(glam::DVec3::Z);
+    let direction = glam::DVec3::new(tol.direction.x, tol.direction.y, tol.direction.z);
+    let fallback = crate::scene::view::transform::ocs_axes((normal.x, normal.y, normal.z)).0;
+    let fallback = glam::DVec3::new(fallback.0, fallback.1, fallback.2);
+    let x_axis = (direction - normal * direction.dot(normal)).normalize_or(fallback);
+    let y_axis = normal.cross(x_axis).normalize_or(glam::DVec3::Y);
+    (x_axis, y_axis)
+}
+
 // ── RenderConvertible ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 impl RenderConvertible for Tolerance {
@@ -471,7 +476,18 @@ impl RenderConvertible for Tolerance {
 
         // Build the feature-control frame in local space; origin stored as f64.
         let (box_strokes, cells) = tessellate_tolerance(self, document);
-        let ins = [self.insertion_point.x, self.insertion_point.y];
+        let ins = glam::DVec3::new(
+            self.insertion_point.x,
+            self.insertion_point.y,
+            self.insertion_point.z,
+        );
+        let (x_axis, y_axis) = frame_basis(self);
+        let plane = |origin: glam::DVec3| TextPlane {
+            origin: origin.to_array(),
+            scale_origin: ins.to_array(),
+            x_axis: x_axis.to_array(),
+            y_axis: y_axis.to_array(),
+        };
         let style = resolve_dim_style(self, document);
         let xd = &self.common.extended_data;
         let explicit_color = |index: Option<i16>| {
@@ -520,9 +536,10 @@ impl RenderConvertible for Tolerance {
         if !box_strokes.is_empty() {
             groups.push(TextStroke {
                 strokes: box_strokes,
-                origin: ins,
+                origin: [ins.x, ins.y],
                 color: frame_color,
                 fill_tris: vec![],
+                plane: Some(plane(ins)),
                 run: None,
             });
         }
@@ -530,16 +547,21 @@ impl RenderConvertible for Tolerance {
             groups.push(TextStroke {
                 strokes: cell.strokes,
                 origin: [
-                    ins[0] + cell.origin[0] as f64,
-                    ins[1] + cell.origin[1] as f64,
+                    ins.x + x_axis.x * cell.origin[0] as f64
+                        + y_axis.x * cell.origin[1] as f64,
+                    ins.y + x_axis.y * cell.origin[0] as f64
+                        + y_axis.y * cell.origin[1] as f64,
                 ],
                 color: text_color,
                 fill_tris: vec![],
+                plane: Some(plane(
+                    ins + x_axis * cell.origin[0] as f64 + y_axis * cell.origin[1] as f64,
+                )),
                 run: Some(GlyphRun {
                     text: cell.text,
                     font: cell.font,
                     height: cell.height,
-                    rotation: cell.rotation,
+                    rotation: 0.0,
                     width_factor: cell.width_factor,
                     oblique: cell.oblique,
                     // `tracking` scales the font's own letter spacing, so 0