feat: query directional elastic modulus from validated material cards (#998)

* feat: validate physical material cards with sources and conditions

* feat: query directional elastic modulus from physical material cards

* fix: register physical material validation labels in complete locales

* fix: register directional elasticity labels in complete locales

* Add German and Korean labels for the material property commands

---------

Co-authored-by: bherbruck <[email protected]>

crates/doc/src/physical_material.rs

@@ -305,6 +305,12 @@ impl MaterialCard {
 /// Bound JSON traversal before cloning/deserializing it. Metadata and numeric
 /// bounds are admission limits, not claims about a real material's valid range.
 pub fn validate_card(value: &Value) -> Result<Validation> {
+    admit_card(value)?.validate()
+}
+
+/// Bound and deserialize a candidate before cloning it. Semantic checks belong
+/// to `validate` or the derived query; this alone does not validate the numbers.
+pub fn admit_card(value: &Value) -> Result<MaterialCard> {
     let mut pending = vec![(value, 0usize)];
     let (mut nodes, mut bytes) = (0usize, 0usize);
     while let Some((value, depth)) = pending.pop() {
@@ -345,7 +351,69 @@ pub fn validate_card(value: &Value) -> Result<Validation> {
         }
     }
     let card: MaterialCard = serde_json::from_value(value.clone()).map_err(|e| invalid(format!("material card: {e}")))?;
-    card.validate()
+    Ok(card)
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+pub struct DirectionalModulus {
+    pub direction: [f64; 3],
+    pub axes: Option<MaterialAxes>,
+    pub young_modulus_pa: f64,
+    pub validation: Validation,
+}
+
+impl MaterialCard {
+    /// Uniaxial small-strain modulus in the supplied material-local direction.
+    /// This is a constitutive query, not a body load case or structural solver.
+    pub fn directional_modulus(&self, direction: [f64; 3]) -> Result<DirectionalModulus> {
+        let validation = self.validate()?;
+        if !direction.iter().all(|x| x.is_finite()) {
+            return Err(invalid("direction: expected three finite components"));
+        }
+        let scale = direction.iter().fold(0.0_f64, |a, x| a.max(x.abs()));
+        if scale == 0. {
+            return Err(invalid("direction: must be nonzero"));
+        }
+        let scaled = direction.map(|x| x / scale);
+        let length = scaled.iter().map(|x| x * x).sum::<f64>().sqrt();
+        let direction = scaled.map(|x| x / length);
+        let model = self
+            .properties
+            .iter()
+            .find_map(|p| match &p.data {
+                PropertyData::Elasticity { model } => Some(model),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .ok_or_else(|| invalid("elasticity is unspecified"))?;
+        let (axes, modulus) = match model {
+            Elasticity::Isotropic { young_modulus_pa, .. } => (None, *young_modulus_pa),
+            Elasticity::Orthotropic { axes, young_moduli_pa, shear_moduli_pa, poisson_ratios } => {
+                let [x, y, z] = direction;
+                let [e1, e2, e3] = *young_moduli_pa;
+                let [g12, g23, g31] = *shear_moduli_pa;
+                let [n12, n23, n31] = *poisson_ratios;
+                let [a, b, c] = [-n12 * (e2.sqrt() / e1.sqrt()), -n23 * (e3.sqrt() / e2.sqrt()), -n31 * (e1.sqrt() / e3.sqrt())];
+                let minor = 1. - a * a;
+                let determinant = 1. + 2. * a * b * c - a * a - b * b - c * c;
+                // Cholesky of the scaled normal compliance: evaluate the energy
+                // as sums of squares instead of cancelling positive/negative terms.
+                let l22 = minor.sqrt();
+                let l32 = (b - a * c) / l22;
+                let l33 = (determinant / minor).sqrt();
+                let [u, v, w] = [x * x / e1.sqrt(), y * y / e2.sqrt(), z * z / e3.sqrt()];
+                let terms = [u + a * v + c * w, l22 * v + l32 * w, l33 * w];
+                let compliance = terms.iter().map(|t| t * t).sum::<f64>() + (x * y).powi(2) / g12 + (y * z).powi(2) / g23 + (z * x).powi(2) / g31;
+                if !compliance.is_finite() || compliance <= 0. {
+                    return Err(invalid("directional compliance is unrepresentable"));
+                }
+                (Some(*axes), compliance.recip())
+            }
+        };
+        if !modulus.is_finite() || modulus <= 0. {
+            return Err(invalid("directional modulus is unrepresentable"));
+        }
+        Ok(DirectionalModulus { direction, axes, young_modulus_pa: modulus, validation })
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]

crates/doc/src/physical_material_tests.rs

@@ -14,6 +14,68 @@ fn orthotropic(e: [f64; 3], nu: [f64; 3]) -> Value {
         "young_moduli_pa":e,"shear_moduli_pa":[4e9,4e9,4e9],"poisson_ratios":nu}})
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn directional_isotropy_and_principal_axes_match_analytic_values() {
+    let iso = admit_card(&card(isotropic(12e9, 0.25))).unwrap();
+    let mut equivalent = orthotropic([12e9; 3], [0.25; 3]);
+    equivalent["model"]["shear_moduli_pa"] = json!([4.8e9, 4.8e9, 4.8e9]);
+    let equivalent = admit_card(&card(equivalent)).unwrap();
+    for direction in [[1., 0., 0.], [0., 1., 0.], [0., 0., 1.], [1., 2., 3.], [-1., 2., -3.], [f64::MAX; 3], [1e-320; 3]] {
+        let a = iso.directional_modulus(direction).unwrap();
+        let b = equivalent.directional_modulus(direction).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(a.young_modulus_pa, 12e9);
+        assert!((b.young_modulus_pa / 12e9 - 1.).abs() < 1e-14);
+        assert_eq!(a.axes, None);
+        assert_eq!(b.axes, Some(MaterialAxes::WoodLrt));
+        assert!((a.direction.iter().map(|x| x * x).sum::<f64>() - 1.).abs() < 1e-14);
+    }
+    let ortho = admit_card(&card(orthotropic([12e9, 3e9, 1e9], [0.2, 0.1, 0.02]))).unwrap();
+    for (direction, e) in [([1., 0., 0.], 12e9), ([0., 1., 0.], 3e9), ([0., 0., 1.], 1e9)] {
+        assert!((ortho.directional_modulus(direction).unwrap().young_modulus_pa / e - 1.).abs() < 1e-14);
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn directional_orthotropy_includes_shear_and_reciprocal_coupling() {
+    let mut data = orthotropic([12e9, 3e9, 1e9], [0.2, 0.1, 0.02]);
+    data["model"]["shear_moduli_pa"] = json!([2e9, 1e9, 0.5e9]);
+    let material = admit_card(&card(data)).unwrap();
+    // For n=(1,1,0)/sqrt(2), 1/E(n)=(S11+S22+2S12+1/G12)/4.
+    let expected = 4. / (1. / 12e9 + 1. / 3e9 - 2. * 0.2 / 12e9 + 1. / 2e9);
+    for d in [[1., 1., 0.], [-2., 2., 0.], [1e200, 1e200, 0.]] {
+        let r = material.directional_modulus(d).unwrap();
+        assert!((r.young_modulus_pa / expected - 1.).abs() < 1e-14);
+        assert_eq!(r.validation.source_review_required, vec!["test"]);
+        assert!(!r.validation.analysis_solver_available);
+    }
+    // Independent direct tensor contraction in a general non-principal direction.
+    let [x, y, z] = [2. / 3., -1. / 3., 2. / 3.];
+    let inverse = x * x * x * x / 12e9
+        + y * y * y * y / 3e9
+        + z * z * z * z / 1e9
+        + x * x * y * y * (1. / 2e9 - 2. * 0.2 / 12e9)
+        + y * y * z * z * (1. / 1e9 - 2. * 0.1 / 3e9)
+        + z * z * x * x * (1. / 0.5e9 - 2. * 0.02 / 1e9);
+    let actual = material.directional_modulus([2., -1., 2.]).unwrap();
+    assert!((actual.young_modulus_pa * inverse - 1.).abs() < 1e-14);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn directional_queries_refuse_unknown_unstable_and_nonfinite_inputs() {
+    let mut material = admit_card(&card(isotropic(12e9, 0.25))).unwrap();
+    for d in [[0.; 3], [f64::NAN, 0., 1.], [0., f64::INFINITY, 0.]] {
+        assert!(material.directional_modulus(d).is_err());
+    }
+    material.properties.clear();
+    assert!(material.directional_modulus([1., 0., 0.]).is_err());
+    material.properties.push(Property {
+        data: PropertyData::Elasticity { model: Elasticity::Isotropic { young_modulus_pa: 12e9, poisson_ratio: 0.6 } },
+        source_id: "test".into(),
+        conditions: Conditions::default(),
+    });
+    assert!(material.directional_modulus([1., 0., 0.]).is_err());
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn isotropic_moduli_match_closed_form_and_auxetic_values_are_valid() {
     let r = validate_card(&card(isotropic(12e9, 0.25))).unwrap();