diff --git a/src/lib/components/CodeEditor.svelte b/src/lib/components/CodeEditor.svelte
index 4f90f78..996b439 100644
--- a/src/lib/components/CodeEditor.svelte
+++ b/src/lib/components/CodeEditor.svelte
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
 
 	export interface VariableMarker {
 		name: string;
-		type: 'required' | 'optional' | 'missing';
+		type: 'required' | 'optional' | 'missing' | 'invault';
 		value?: string; // The value provided in env vars editor
 		isSecret?: boolean; // Whether to mask the value
 		defaultValue?: string; // The default value from compose syntax (e.g., ${VAR:-default})
@@ -239,10 +239,10 @@
 
 	// Variable marker gutter icons
 	class VariableGutterMarker extends GutterMarker {
-		type: 'required' | 'optional' | 'missing';
+		type: 'required' | 'optional' | 'missing' | 'invault';
 		hasValue: boolean;
 
-		constructor(type: 'required' | 'optional' | 'missing', hasValue: boolean = false) {
+		constructor(type: 'required' | 'optional' | 'missing' | 'invault', hasValue: boolean = false) {
 			super();
 			this.type = type;
 			this.hasValue = hasValue;
@@ -256,6 +256,7 @@
 			const dot = document.createElement('span');
 			dot.className = `var-marker var-marker-${this.type}`;
 			dot.title = this.type === 'missing' ? 'Missing required variable'
+				: this.type === 'invault' ? 'Present in the bound secret provider'
 				: this.type === 'required' ? 'Required variable (defined)'
 				: 'Optional variable (has default)';
 			wrapper.appendChild(dot);
@@ -278,9 +279,9 @@
 	class VariableValueWidget extends WidgetType {
 		value: string;
 		isSecret: boolean;
-		variant: 'provided' | 'default' | 'missing';
+		variant: 'provided' | 'default' | 'missing' | 'invault';
 
-		constructor(value: string, isSecret: boolean = false, variant: 'provided' | 'default' | 'missing' = 'provided') {
+		constructor(value: string, isSecret: boolean = false, variant: 'provided' | 'default' | 'missing' | 'invault' = 'provided') {
 			super();
 			this.value = value;
 			this.isSecret = isSecret;
@@ -295,6 +296,11 @@
 				// Red MISSING badge with icon
 				span.innerHTML = '⚠ MISSING';
 				span.title = 'Required variable not defined';
+			} else if (this.variant === 'invault') {
+				// Green IN VAULT badge - the key currently exists in the bound secret
+				// provider (live probe). Inline lucide KeyRound SVG, currentColor.
+				span.innerHTML = '<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" style="width:0.85em;height:0.85em;display:inline-block;vertical-align:-0.12em;margin-right:3px"><path d="M2.586 17.414A2 2 0 0 0 2 18.828V21a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h3a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-1a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h1a1 1 0 0 0 1-1v-1a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h.172a2 2 0 0 0 1.414-.586l.814-.814a6.5 6.5 0 1 0-4-4z"/><circle cx="16.5" cy="7.5" r=".5" fill="currentColor"/></svg>IN VAULT';
+				span.title = 'Present in the bound secret provider';
 			} else {
 				span.textContent = this.isSecret ? '••••••' : this.value;
 				span.title = this.isSecret ? 'Secret value' : this.value;
@@ -351,6 +357,9 @@
 					} else if (marker.defaultValue) {
 						// Has default value from marker -> BLUE
 						widget = new VariableValueWidget(marker.defaultValue, false, 'default');
+					} else if (marker.type === 'invault') {
+						// Present in the bound secret provider (live) -> GREEN
+						widget = new VariableValueWidget('', false, 'invault');
 					} else if (marker.type === 'missing') {
 						// Missing required variable -> RED
 						widget = new VariableValueWidget('', false, 'missing');
@@ -930,6 +939,11 @@
 		box-shadow: 0 0 4px #ef4444;
 	}
 
+	div :global(.var-marker-invault) {
+		background-color: #10b981; /* emerald-500 */
+		box-shadow: 0 0 4px #10b981;
+	}
+
 	/* Variable value overlay widget - base styles */
 	div :global(.var-value-overlay) {
 		display: inline-block;
@@ -968,6 +982,13 @@
 		font-weight: 600;
 	}
 
+	div :global(.var-value-invault) {
+		background-color: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.15);
+		color: #10b981;
+		border: 1px solid rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.3);
+		font-weight: 600;
+	}
+
 	/* Light theme adjustments */
 	:global(.cm-editor:not(.cm-dark)) div :global(.var-value-provided) {
 		background-color: rgba(34, 197, 94, 0.1);
diff --git a/src/lib/components/SecretProviderPicker.svelte b/src/lib/components/SecretProviderPicker.svelte
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4699422
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/components/SecretProviderPicker.svelte
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+<script lang="ts">
+	import { Label } from '$lib/components/ui/label';
+	import { Input } from '$lib/components/ui/input';
+	import * as Select from '$lib/components/ui/select';
+	import { BULK_SELECTOR_FIELDS } from '../../routes/settings/secrets/ProviderModal.svelte';
+	import { SELECTOR_VARS, BULK_SELECTOR_VAR } from '$lib/utils/bulk-selector';
+	import type { EnvVar } from '$lib/components/StackEnvVarsEditor.svelte';
+
+	type ProviderOption = { id: number; name: string; type: string };
+
+	interface Props {
+		secretProviderId: number | null;
+		/** ALL env vars - the bulk-selector field is a live view of the
+		 *  DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR row within this list. */
+		envVars: EnvVar[];
+		providers: ProviderOption[];
+		/** Suffix for element ids so two pickers on one page don't collide. */
+		idSuffix?: string;
+		onchange?: () => void;
+	}
+
+	let {
+		secretProviderId = $bindable(null),
+		envVars = $bindable([]),
+		providers,
+		idSuffix = '',
+		onchange
+	}: Props = $props();
+
+	const selectedType = $derived(providers.find((p) => p.id === secretProviderId)?.type ?? null);
+	const bulkSelectorField = $derived(selectedType ? BULK_SELECTOR_FIELDS[selectedType] ?? null : null);
+
+	// Live view of the DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR (or legacy OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID) row.
+	const bulkSelectorValue = $derived.by(() => {
+		for (const name of SELECTOR_VARS) {
+			const hit = envVars.find((v) => v.key.trim() === name);
+			if (hit) return hit.value;
+		}
+		return '';
+	});
+	function writeSelector(value: string) {
+		const others = envVars.filter((v) => !SELECTOR_VARS.includes(v.key.trim()));
+		envVars = value.trim()
+			? [...others, { key: BULK_SELECTOR_VAR, value, isSecret: false }]
+			: others;
+		onchange?.();
+	}
+</script>
+
+{#if providers.length > 0 || secretProviderId !== null}
+	<div class="px-3 py-2 border-b border-zinc-200 dark:border-zinc-700 bg-zinc-100/60 dark:bg-zinc-800/60 flex flex-col gap-1.5 text-xs">
+		<div class="flex items-center gap-2">
+			<Label for="secret-provider-select{idSuffix}" class="text-xs text-muted-foreground shrink-0">Secret provider</Label>
+			<Select.Root
+				type="single"
+				value={secretProviderId !== null ? String(secretProviderId) : ''}
+				onValueChange={(v) => { secretProviderId = v ? parseInt(v) : null; onchange?.(); }}
+			>
+				<Select.Trigger id="secret-provider-select{idSuffix}" class="h-7 text-xs flex-1 min-w-0 max-w-xs overflow-hidden">
+					{#if secretProviderId !== null}
+						<span class="truncate min-w-0">{providers.find((p) => p.id === secretProviderId)?.name ?? 'Unknown provider'}</span>
+					{:else}
+						<span class="text-muted-foreground truncate">None — disabled</span>
+					{/if}
+				</Select.Trigger>
+				<Select.Content>
+					<Select.Item value="" label="None">
+						<span class="text-muted-foreground">None — disabled</span>
+					</Select.Item>
+					{#each providers as provider (provider.id)}
+						<Select.Item value={String(provider.id)} label={provider.name}>
+							{provider.name}
+						</Select.Item>
+					{/each}
+				</Select.Content>
+			</Select.Root>
+			{#if bulkSelectorField}
+				<Label for="bulk-selector-input{idSuffix}" class="text-xs text-muted-foreground shrink-0 ml-1">
+					{bulkSelectorField.label}
+				</Label>
+				<Input
+					id="bulk-selector-input{idSuffix}"
+					class="h-7 text-xs font-mono flex-1 min-w-0 max-w-xs"
+					placeholder={bulkSelectorField.placeholder ?? ''}
+					value={bulkSelectorValue}
+					oninput={(e) => writeSelector(e.currentTarget.value)}
+				/>
+			{/if}
+		</div>
+		{#if bulkSelectorField?.hint}
+			<p class="text-2xs text-muted-foreground/70 pl-0.5">{bulkSelectorField.hint}</p>
+		{/if}
+	</div>
+{/if}
diff --git a/src/lib/components/StackEnvVarsPanel.svelte b/src/lib/components/StackEnvVarsPanel.svelte
index 59e4ab5..3e2d05c 100644
--- a/src/lib/components/StackEnvVarsPanel.svelte
+++ b/src/lib/components/StackEnvVarsPanel.svelte
@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@
 	import StackEnvVarsEditor, { type EnvVar, type ValidationResult } from '$lib/components/StackEnvVarsEditor.svelte';
 	import CodeEditor from '$lib/components/CodeEditor.svelte';
 	import ConfirmPopover from '$lib/components/ConfirmPopover.svelte';
-	import { Plus, Upload, Trash2, List, FileText, AlertTriangle, ShieldAlert, HelpCircle, Info } from 'lucide-svelte';
+	import { Plus, Upload, Trash2, List, FileText, AlertTriangle, ShieldAlert, HelpCircle, Info, Check, KeyRound } from 'lucide-svelte';
 	import * as Tooltip from '$lib/components/ui/tooltip';
+	import { getProviderIcon } from '$lib/components/provider-icons';
+	import { providerTypeLabel } from '../../routes/settings/secrets/ProviderModal.svelte';
 
 	interface Props {
 		variables: EnvVar[]; // Bindable - ALL variables (secrets + non-secrets)
@@ -18,6 +20,13 @@
 		placeholder?: { key: string; value: string };
 		infoText?: string;
 		existingSecretKeys?: Set<string>;
+		/** Provider-injected key NAMES from the last deploy (banner). */
+		injectedSecretKeys?: string[];
+		/** Bound provider type/name, for the injected banner + pills. */
+		providerType?: string | null;
+		providerName?: string | null;
+		/** Set when the live provider probe failed - shown as an amber line. */
+		probeError?: string | null;
 		showInterpolationHint?: boolean;
 		theme?: 'light' | 'dark';
 		class?: string;
@@ -36,6 +45,10 @@
 		placeholder = { key: 'VARIABLE_NAME', value: 'value' },
 		infoText,
 		existingSecretKeys = new Set<string>(),
+		injectedSecretKeys = [],
+		providerType = null,
+		providerName = null,
+		probeError = null,
 		showInterpolationHint = false,
 		theme = 'dark',
 		class: className = '',
@@ -43,6 +56,16 @@
 		headerActions
 	}: Props = $props();
 
+
+	// Provider-injected keys are supplied at deploy from the bound secret provider, so
+	// they are NOT "missing" even when a ${VAR} in compose has no local value. Drop them
+	// from the missing set (and expose them separately so the editor can mark them).
+	const injectedSet = $derived(new Set(injectedSecretKeys));
+	const effectiveValidation = $derived.by<ValidationResult | null>(() => {
+		if (!validation || injectedSet.size === 0) return validation;
+		return { ...validation, missing: validation.missing.filter((k) => !injectedSet.has(k)) };
+	});
+
 	const STORAGE_KEY_VIEW_MODE = 'dockhand-env-vars-view-mode';
 
 	let fileInputRef: HTMLInputElement;
@@ -333,21 +356,21 @@
 				</button>
 			</div>
 			<!-- Validation status pills -->
-			{#if validation}
+			{#if effectiveValidation}
 				<div class="flex gap-1 flex-wrap">
-					{#if validation.missing.length > 0}
+					{#if effectiveValidation.missing.length > 0}
 						<span class="inline-flex items-center px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-2xs font-medium bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-300">
-							{validation.missing.length} missing
+							{effectiveValidation.missing.length} missing
 						</span>
 					{/if}
-					{#if validation.required.length > 0}
+					{#if effectiveValidation.required.length > 0}
 						<span class="inline-flex items-center px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-2xs font-medium bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-300">
-							{validation.required.length - validation.missing.length} defined
+							{effectiveValidation.required.length - effectiveValidation.missing.length} defined
 						</span>
 					{/if}
-					{#if validation.optional.length > 0}
+					{#if effectiveValidation.optional.length > 0}
 						<span class="inline-flex items-center px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-2xs font-medium bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-300">
-							{validation.optional.length} optional
+							{effectiveValidation.optional.length} optional
 						</span>
 					{/if}
 				</div>
@@ -472,11 +495,50 @@
 				</div>
 			</div>
 		{/if}
+		<!-- Provider-injected secrets loaded at the last deploy -->
+		{#if injectedSecretKeys.length > 0}
+			<div class="flex items-start gap-2 px-2.5 py-2 rounded bg-emerald-50 dark:bg-emerald-900/20 border border-emerald-200 dark:border-emerald-800/50">
+				<Check class="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-500 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
+				<div class="text-xs text-emerald-700 dark:text-emerald-300 min-w-0">
+					<div class="flex items-center gap-1.5 flex-wrap">
+						<span class="font-semibold">{injectedSecretKeys.length} secret{injectedSecretKeys.length === 1 ? '' : 's'} loaded</span>
+						<span class="text-emerald-600/70 dark:text-emerald-400/70">from</span>
+						{#if providerType}
+							{@const ProviderIcon = getProviderIcon(providerType)}
+							<span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 font-medium">
+								<ProviderIcon class="w-3.5 h-3.5 shrink-0 text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400" />
+								{providerTypeLabel(providerType)}
+							</span>
+							{#if providerName}<span class="text-emerald-600/70 dark:text-emerald-400/70">&middot; {providerName}</span>{/if}
+						{:else}
+							<span class="font-medium">the provider</span>
+						{/if}
+					</div>
+					<p class="text-emerald-600 dark:text-emerald-400 mt-0.5">Injected into the container at last deploy &mdash; never written to <code>.env</code>.</p>
+					<div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5 mt-1.5">
+						{#each injectedSecretKeys as key}
+							<span class="inline-flex items-center gap-1 font-mono text-2xs font-semibold px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-emerald-100 dark:bg-emerald-800/40 border border-emerald-300 dark:border-emerald-700">
+								<KeyRound class="w-2.5 h-2.5" />{key}
+							</span>
+						{/each}
+					</div>
+				</div>
+			</div>
+		{/if}
+		<!-- Live provider probe couldn't reach the provider: keys fall back to MISSING -->
+		{#if probeError}
+			<div class="flex items-start gap-2 px-2.5 py-2 rounded bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-900/20 border border-amber-200 dark:border-amber-800/50">
+				<AlertTriangle class="w-4 h-4 text-amber-500 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
+				<div class="text-xs text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300 min-w-0">
+					Couldn't check {providerName ?? 'the secret provider'}: {probeError}
+				</div>
+			</div>
+		{/if}
 		<!-- Add missing variables (form mode only) -->
-		{#if viewMode === 'form' && validation && validation.missing.length > 0 && !readonly}
+		{#if viewMode === 'form' && effectiveValidation && effectiveValidation.missing.length > 0 && !readonly}
 			<div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1 items-center">
 				<span class="text-xs text-muted-foreground mr-1">Add missing:</span>
-				{#each validation.missing as missing}
+				{#each effectiveValidation.missing as missing}
 					<button
 						type="button"
 						onclick={() => addMissingVariable(missing)}
@@ -493,7 +555,7 @@
 		{#if viewMode === 'form'}
 			<StackEnvVarsEditor
 				bind:variables
-				{validation}
+				validation={effectiveValidation}
 				{readonly}
 				{showSource}
 				{sources}
diff --git a/src/lib/server/secretproviders/probe-cache.ts b/src/lib/server/secretproviders/probe-cache.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ffc7b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/server/secretproviders/probe-cache.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/**
+ * Short-lived cache for live provider probes.
+ *
+ * The stack editor probes the bound provider on every debounced keystroke to
+ * classify a compose ${VAR} as present ("IN VAULT") or missing. Without a cache
+ * a fast typist would hammer the provider's API. This caches ONLY the KEY NAMES
+ * of a bulk selector for a few seconds - never the secret values.
+ */
+
+import type { SecretProvider, SecretProviderConfig } from './shared';
+
+const TTL_MS = 30_000;
+
+interface Entry {
+	keys: string[];
+	at: number;
+}
+
+// Keyed by `${providerId}:${selector}`. Bounded by (provider count * distinct
+// selectors seen in the TTL window); stale entries are dropped lazily on read.
+const cache = new Map<string, Entry>();
+
+/**
+ * Returns the KEY NAMES available under a provider's bulk selector, cached for
+ * ~30s per (providerId, selector). Values are discarded immediately - only the
+ * names are stored and returned. Propagates the provider's errors to the caller.
+ */
+export async function probeBulkKeysCached(
+	providerId: number,
+	provider: SecretProvider,
+	config: SecretProviderConfig,
+	selector: string
+): Promise<string[]> {
+	const cacheKey = `${providerId}:${selector}`;
+	const now = Date.now();
+	const hit = cache.get(cacheKey);
+	if (hit && now - hit.at < TTL_MS) {
+		return hit.keys;
+	}
+	const bulk = await provider.resolveBulk(config, selector);
+	const keys = Object.keys(bulk);
+	cache.set(cacheKey, { keys, at: now });
+	return keys;
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/utils/bulk-selector.ts b/src/lib/utils/bulk-selector.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e99d02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/utils/bulk-selector.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// The stack env-var name(s) that carry the external-secret-provider bulk selector.
+// OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID is the legacy 1Password name; DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR is the
+// generic one the UI writes now. The server resolves either (BULK_SELECTOR_VARS in
+// stacks.ts), so both keep working.
+//
+// The stack modal shows the selector both as a labelled field AND as its plain
+// DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR env row - they are one and the same value (the field is a
+// live view of the env var), so the user sees plainly that it IS that variable.
+export const SELECTOR_VARS = ['OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID', 'DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR'];
+
+/** The canonical name the field writes to (a legacy OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID is normalized to this). */
+export const BULK_SELECTOR_VAR = 'DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR';
diff --git a/src/lib/utils/invault-markers.ts b/src/lib/utils/invault-markers.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87d251f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/utils/invault-markers.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/**
+ * Pure classification for the stack editor's live provider marker.
+ *
+ * A compose ${VAR} that is not defined locally is normally red MISSING. When a
+ * secret provider is bound, we live-probe it: if the key exists in the provider
+ * it becomes green IN VAULT instead. If the probe failed (provider unreachable /
+ * bad token / bad path) we keep the old red MISSING - never a false green.
+ */
+
+export type InVaultMarkerType = 'required' | 'missing' | 'invault';
+
+/**
+ * Classifies one required compose var. `providerKeySet` is the set of key names
+ * the live probe confirmed present in the bound provider. `probeFailed` forces
+ * MISSING (we can't vouch for the key when the probe didn't succeed).
+ */
+export function classifyMarker(
+	name: string,
+	isMissing: boolean,
+	providerKeySet: Set<string>,
+	probeFailed: boolean
+): InVaultMarkerType {
+	if (!isMissing) return 'required';
+	if (!probeFailed && providerKeySet.has(name)) return 'invault';
+	return 'missing';
+}
+
+/**
+ * Given the inline op:// (or other provider) references the client submitted as
+ * `{ varName, ref }` pairs and the SUBSET of ref STRINGS the provider resolved,
+ * returns the VAR NAMES whose ref resolved. `resolveSecretReferences` keys its
+ * result by the ref string, not the var name, so the caller maps it back here.
+ */
+export function resolvedRefVarNames(
+	refPairs: { varName: string; ref: string }[],
+	resolvedRefs: string[]
+): string[] {
+	const resolved = new Set(resolvedRefs);
+	return refPairs.filter((p) => resolved.has(p.ref)).map((p) => p.varName);
+}
diff --git a/src/routes/api/secret-providers/[id]/probe/+server.ts b/src/routes/api/secret-providers/[id]/probe/+server.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9793ae8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/routes/api/secret-providers/[id]/probe/+server.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+import { json } from '@sveltejs/kit';
+import type { RequestHandler } from './$types';
+import { getSecretProviderById } from '$lib/server/db';
+import { authorize } from '$lib/server/authorize';
+import { getProvider } from '$lib/server/secretproviders';
+import { UnsupportedOperationError, parseProviderError } from '$lib/server/secretproviders/shared';
+import { probeBulkKeysCached } from '$lib/server/secretproviders/probe-cache';
+
+/**
+ * Live probe of a stored provider: given a bulk selector and/or inline op://
+ * references, return which KEY NAMES currently exist in the provider. Only names
+ * are returned - secret values never leave the server. Powers the editor's live
+ * "IN VAULT" marker.
+ */
+export const POST: RequestHandler = async ({ params, cookies, request }) => {
+	const auth = await authorize(cookies);
+	if (auth.authEnabled && !(await auth.can('secrets', 'view'))) {
+		return json({ error: 'Permission denied' }, { status: 403 });
+	}
+
+	const id = Number.parseInt(params.id);
+	if (Number.isNaN(id)) {
+		return json({ error: 'Invalid secret provider ID' }, { status: 400 });
+	}
+
+	const row = await getSecretProviderById(id);
+	if (!row) {
+		return json({ error: 'Secret provider not found' }, { status: 404 });
+	}
+	const provider = getProvider(row.type);
+	if (!provider) {
+		return json({ error: `Unknown secret provider type: ${row.type}` }, { status: 400 });
+	}
+
+	let selector: string | undefined;
+	let refs: string[] = [];
+	try {
+		const body = await request.json();
+		if (typeof body?.selector === 'string' && body.selector.trim()) {
+			selector = body.selector.trim();
+		}
+		if (Array.isArray(body?.refs)) {
+			refs = body.refs.filter((r: unknown): r is string => typeof r === 'string' && !!r.trim());
+		}
+	} catch {
+		// empty/invalid body: nothing to probe
+	}
+
+	let bulkKeys: string[] = [];
+	let resolvedRefs: string[] = [];
+
+	// A provider missing a mode throws UnsupportedOperationError; that is not a
+	// failure - it just means that mode contributes no keys. Any other throw
+	// (network, bad token, bad path) is a real probe failure.
+	if (selector && provider.supportsBulk) {
+		try {
+			bulkKeys = await probeBulkKeysCached(id, provider, row.config, selector);
+		} catch (e) {
+			if (!(e instanceof UnsupportedOperationError)) {
+				return json({ ok: false, error: shortError(e) }, { status: 200 });
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (refs.length && provider.supportsReferences) {
+		try {
+			const resolved = await provider.resolveSecretReferences(row.config, refs);
+			resolvedRefs = [...resolved.keys()];
+		} catch (e) {
+			if (!(e instanceof UnsupportedOperationError)) {
+				return json({ ok: false, error: shortError(e) }, { status: 200 });
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return json({ ok: true, bulkKeys, resolvedRefs });
+};
+
+/** A short, non-reflecting error message for the probe-failed UI line. */
+function shortError(e: unknown): string {
+	const raw = e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e);
+	return parseProviderError(raw) ?? raw.slice(0, 200);
+}
diff --git a/src/routes/api/stacks/[name]/env/+server.ts b/src/routes/api/stacks/[name]/env/+server.ts
index 51cf066..8111253 100644
--- a/src/routes/api/stacks/[name]/env/+server.ts
+++ b/src/routes/api/stacks/[name]/env/+server.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { json } from '@sveltejs/kit';
-import { getStackEnvVars, setStackEnvVars, getStackSource } from '$lib/server/db';
+import { getStackEnvVars, setStackEnvVars, getStackSource, getStackInjectedSecretKeys, getSecretProviderById } from '$lib/server/db';
 import { findStackDir } from '$lib/server/stacks';
 import { authorize } from '$lib/server/authorize';
 import { existsSync, readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
@@ -107,7 +107,16 @@ export const GET: RequestHandler = async ({ params, url, cookies }) => {
 			}
 		}
 
-		return json({ variables });
+		// Provider-injected key NAMES from the last deploy (no values) + the bound
+		// provider's type/name, so the UI can show "these were loaded from <provider>".
+		const injectedSecretKeys = [...await getStackInjectedSecretKeys(stackName, envIdNum ?? undefined)];
+		let secretProvider: { type: string; name: string } | null = null;
+		if (source?.secretProviderId) {
+			const p = await getSecretProviderById(source.secretProviderId);
+			if (p) secretProvider = { type: p.type, name: p.name };
+		}
+
+		return json({ variables, injectedSecretKeys, secretProvider });
 	} catch (error) {
 		console.error('Error getting stack env vars:', error);
 		return json({ error: 'Failed to get environment variables' }, { status: 500 });
diff --git a/src/routes/settings/secrets/ProviderModal.svelte b/src/routes/settings/secrets/ProviderModal.svelte
index ee50976..716db79 100644
--- a/src/routes/settings/secrets/ProviderModal.svelte
+++ b/src/routes/settings/secrets/ProviderModal.svelte
@@ -30,35 +30,58 @@
 	// secretproviders/shared.ts. Non-required fields are optional overrides.
 	export const PROVIDER_FIELDS: Record<string, ProviderField[]> = {
 		'op-service-account': [
-			{ key: 'token', label: 'Service account token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'ops_eyJ...' },
+			{ key: 'token', label: 'Service account token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'ops_eyJ...', hint: 'A 1Password service account token (starts with ops_).' },
 		],
 		'op-connect': [
-			{ key: 'host', label: 'Connect host URL', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'https://connect.example.com' },
-			{ key: 'token', label: 'Connect token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'eyJ...' },
+			{ key: 'host', label: 'Connect host URL', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'https://connect.example.com', hint: 'URL of your 1Password Connect server.' },
+			{ key: 'token', label: 'Connect token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'eyJ...', hint: 'A Connect access token with read access to the vault.' },
 		],
 		infisical: [
-			{ key: 'host', label: 'API host', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'https://app.infisical.com' },
-			{ key: 'token', label: 'Access token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'st...' },
-			{ key: 'projectId', label: 'Project ID', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'workspace / project id' },
-			{ key: 'environment', label: 'Environment', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'prod' },
-			{ key: 'path', label: 'Secret path', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: '/' },
+			{ key: 'host', label: 'API host', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'https://app.infisical.com', hint: 'Infisical Cloud or your self-hosted URL.' },
+			{ key: 'token', label: 'Access token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'st...', hint: 'A service token or machine-identity access token.' },
+			{ key: 'projectId', label: 'Project ID', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'workspace / project id', hint: 'The workspace/project the secrets live in.' },
+			{ key: 'environment', label: 'Environment', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'prod', hint: 'Environment slug, e.g. prod / staging.' },
+			{ key: 'path', label: 'Secret path', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: '/', hint: 'Folder path within the project. Defaults to /.' },
 		],
 		vault: [
-			{ key: 'address', label: 'Vault address', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'https://vault.example.com' },
-			{ key: 'token', label: 'Vault token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'hvs...' },
-			{ key: 'namespace', label: 'Namespace', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: 'admin (Enterprise / HCP)' },
-			{ key: 'mount', label: 'KV mount', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: 'secret' },
+			{ key: 'address', label: 'Vault address', type: 'text', required: true, placeholder: 'https://vault.example.com', hint: 'Base URL of your Vault server.' },
+			{ key: 'token', label: 'Vault token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'hvs...', hint: 'A token with read access to the KV path.' },
+			{ key: 'namespace', label: 'Namespace', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: 'admin (Enterprise / HCP)', hint: 'Vault Enterprise / HCP only.' },
+			{ key: 'mount', label: 'KV mount', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: 'secret', hint: 'KV v2 mount path. Defaults to "secret".' },
 		],
 		doppler: [
 			{ key: 'token', label: 'Token', type: 'password', required: true, placeholder: 'dp.st.... or dp.pt....', hint: 'A service token (dp.st.) already targets one config. A personal token (dp.pt.) also needs the project and config below.' },
-			{ key: 'project', label: 'Project', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: 'only for a personal token (dp.pt.)' },
-			{ key: 'config', label: 'Config', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: 'e.g. prd' },
+			{ key: 'project', label: 'Project', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: 'only for a personal token (dp.pt.)', hint: 'Doppler project slug. Only needed with a personal token.' },
+			{ key: 'config', label: 'Config', type: 'text', required: false, placeholder: 'e.g. prd', hint: 'Config within the project. Only needed with a personal token.' },
 		],
 	};
 
 	export function providerTypeLabel(type: string): string {
 		return PROVIDER_TYPES.find((t) => t.value === type)?.label ?? type;
 	}
+
+	// Per-stack bulk-selector field metadata (UI-only, like PROVIDER_FIELDS above).
+	// A provider type with no entry shows no selector field: doppler ignores the
+	// selector, connect has no bulk pull. The field's value is written to the stack
+	// env as DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR (consumed by resolveProviderEnvVars).
+	export type BulkSelectorField = { label: string; placeholder?: string; hint?: string };
+	export const BULK_SELECTOR_FIELDS: Record<string, BulkSelectorField> = {
+		'op-service-account': {
+			label: 'Environment',
+			placeholder: '1Password Environment id',
+			hint: 'Bulk-load every secret from this 1Password Environment. Leave blank to inject only inline op:// references.'
+		},
+		'vault': {
+			label: 'KV v2 path',
+			placeholder: 'path/to/secret',
+			hint: 'Bulk-load every key at this KV v2 path (under the configured mount).'
+		},
+		'infisical': {
+			label: 'Secret path',
+			placeholder: '/',
+			hint: 'Bulk-load every secret at this path (project and environment come from the provider config).'
+		}
+	};
 </script>
 
 <script lang='ts'>
@@ -102,6 +125,11 @@
 	let testOkTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
 
 	const fields = $derived(PROVIDER_FIELDS[formType] ?? []);
+	// Providers whose config fields read better stacked one per row rather than in the
+	// 2-column grid (per-field hints, or fields long enough to want full width).
+	const stackConfigFields = $derived(
+		formType === 'op-connect' || formType === 'doppler'
+	);
 
 	function resetConfig() {
 		formConfig = {};
@@ -299,7 +327,7 @@
 		}
 	}}
 >
-	<Dialog.Content class="sm:max-w-lg">
+	<Dialog.Content class="sm:max-w-2xl">
 		<Dialog.Header>
 			<Dialog.Title class="flex items-center gap-2">
 				<KeyRound class="w-5 h-5 text-muted-foreground" />
@@ -320,7 +348,7 @@
 					placeholder="Production secrets"
 				/>
 			</div>
-			<div class="space-y-2 sm:w-[calc(50%-0.5rem)]">
+			<div class="space-y-2">
 				<FieldLabel label="Provider" forId="provider-type" required showOptional={false} />
 				<Select.Root
 					type="single"
@@ -328,10 +356,12 @@
 					onValueChange={onTypeChange}
 					disabled={isEditing}
 				>
-					<Select.Trigger id="provider-type" class="flex w-full items-center gap-2">
+					<Select.Trigger id="provider-type" class="w-full justify-between gap-2">
 						{@const TriggerIcon = getProviderIcon(formType)}
-						<TriggerIcon class="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 text-muted-foreground" />
-						{providerTypeLabel(formType)}
+						<span class="flex items-center gap-2 min-w-0">
+							<TriggerIcon class="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 text-muted-foreground" />
+							<span class="truncate">{providerTypeLabel(formType)}</span>
+						</span>
 					</Select.Trigger>
 					<Select.Content>
 						{#each PROVIDER_TYPES as t (t.value)}
@@ -346,12 +376,12 @@
 					</Select.Content>
 				</Select.Root>
 			</div>
-			<!-- Provider config fields in a 2-column grid. min-height fits the tallest
-			     provider (5 fields = 3 rows) so the modal keeps a fixed height and does
-			     not jump when switching providers. -->
-			<div class="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-4 gap-y-3" style="min-height: 13.5rem;">
+			<!-- Provider config fields: a 2-column grid, or one per row for providers whose
+			     fields read better stacked (Vault, Connect, Doppler). min-height +
+			     content-start keep the dialog a stable height while laying rows top-aligned. -->
+			<div class="grid {stackConfigFields ? 'grid-cols-1' : 'grid-cols-2'} gap-x-4 gap-y-3 content-start" style="min-height: 21rem;">
 				{#each fields as field (field.key)}
-					<div class="space-y-2">
+					<div class="space-y-1.5 self-start {fields.length === 1 ? 'col-span-full' : ''}">
 						<FieldLabel label={field.label} forId={`provider-${field.key}`} required={field.required} />
 						<Input
 							id={`provider-${field.key}`}
diff --git a/src/routes/stacks/GitStackModal.svelte b/src/routes/stacks/GitStackModal.svelte
index bf10231..7182f93 100644
--- a/src/routes/stacks/GitStackModal.svelte
+++ b/src/routes/stacks/GitStackModal.svelte
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 	import { copyToClipboard } from '$lib/utils/clipboard';
 	import CronEditor from '$lib/components/cron-editor.svelte';
 	import StackEnvVarsPanel from '$lib/components/StackEnvVarsPanel.svelte';
+	import SecretProviderPicker from '$lib/components/SecretProviderPicker.svelte';
 	import { type EnvVar, type ValidationResult } from '$lib/components/StackEnvVarsEditor.svelte';
 	import { toast } from 'svelte-sonner';
 	import { focusFirstInput } from '$lib/utils';
@@ -155,9 +156,10 @@
 	let copiedWebhookSecret = $state<'ok' | 'error' | null>(null);
 
 	// Secret providers
-	type SecretProviderOption = { id: number; name: string };
+	type SecretProviderOption = { id: number; name: string; type: string };
 	let secretProviders = $state<SecretProviderOption[]>([]);
 	let formSecretProviderId = $state<number | null>(null);
+	let injectedSecretKeys = $state<string[]>([]);
 
 	// Environment variables state
 	let formEnvFilePath = $state<string | null>(null);
@@ -219,7 +221,7 @@
 			const response = await fetch('/api/secret-providers');
 			if (!response.ok) return;
 			const data = await response.json();
-			secretProviders = (data ?? []).map((p: any) => ({ id: p.id, name: p.name }));
+			secretProviders = (data ?? []).map((p: any) => ({ id: p.id, name: p.name, type: p.type }));
 		} catch (e) {
 			console.warn('Failed to load secret providers:', e);
 		}
@@ -332,6 +334,7 @@
 				);
 				// Set envVars - the panel's $effect will auto-sync rawContent for text view
 				envVars = loadedVars;
+				injectedSecretKeys = data.injectedSecretKeys ?? [];
 			}
 		} catch (e) {
 			console.error('Failed to load env var overrides:', e);
@@ -1188,46 +1191,16 @@
 
 			<!-- Right column: Environment Variables -->
 			<div class="flex-1 min-w-0 flex flex-col overflow-hidden bg-zinc-50 dark:bg-zinc-800/50">
-				<!-- Secret provider selector - hidden when no external provider is configured
-				     (still shown if this stack already has one bound, so it can be cleared). -->
-				{#if secretProviders.length > 0 || formSecretProviderId !== null}
-				<div class="px-3 py-2 border-b border-zinc-200 dark:border-zinc-700 bg-zinc-100/60 dark:bg-zinc-800/60 flex items-center gap-2 text-xs">
-					<Label for="secret-provider-select-git" class="text-xs text-muted-foreground shrink-0">Secret provider</Label>
-					<Select.Root
-						type="single"
-						value={formSecretProviderId !== null ? String(formSecretProviderId) : ''}
-						onValueChange={(v) => { formSecretProviderId = v ? parseInt(v) : null; }}
-					>
-						<Select.Trigger id="secret-provider-select-git" class="h-7 text-xs">
-							{#if formSecretProviderId !== null}
-								{secretProviders.find((p) => p.id === formSecretProviderId)?.name ?? 'Unknown provider'}
-							{:else}
-								<span class="text-muted-foreground">None — disabled</span>
-							{/if}
-						</Select.Trigger>
-						<Select.Content>
-							<Select.Item value="" label="None">
-								<span class="text-muted-foreground">None — disabled</span>
-							</Select.Item>
-							{#each secretProviders as provider (provider.id)}
-								<Select.Item value={String(provider.id)} label={provider.name}>
-									{provider.name}
-								</Select.Item>
-							{/each}
-						</Select.Content>
-					</Select.Root>
-					<Tooltip.Root>
-						<Tooltip.Trigger>
-							<HelpCircle class="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-muted-foreground shrink-0" />
-						</Tooltip.Trigger>
-						<Tooltip.Content class="max-w-xs text-xs">
-							Inline references (e.g. <code>op://</code> for 1Password) are still resolved. For bulk pull, set <code>OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID</code> (1Password Environment) or the generic <code>DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR</code> in env vars; the provider's secrets are loaded and injected.
-						</Tooltip.Content>
-					</Tooltip.Root>
-				</div>
-				{/if}
+				<SecretProviderPicker
+					bind:secretProviderId={formSecretProviderId}
+					bind:envVars
+					providers={secretProviders}
+				/>
 				<StackEnvVarsPanel
 					bind:variables={envVars}
+					injectedSecretKeys={gitStack !== null ? injectedSecretKeys : []}
+					providerType={secretProviders.find((p) => p.id === formSecretProviderId)?.type ?? null}
+					providerName={secretProviders.find((p) => p.id === formSecretProviderId)?.name ?? null}
 					placeholder={{ key: 'MY_VAR', value: 'value' }}
 					infoText="Override variables from your repository env files. Non-secrets are saved to <code class='bg-muted px-1 rounded'>.env.dockhand</code> in the stack directory. Secrets are stored in the database and injected via shell environment at deploy time.<br/><br/>Variables are available for <strong>compose file interpolation</strong> using <code class='bg-muted px-1 rounded'>${'{VAR_NAME}'}</code> syntax. They are not automatically injected into containers — use <code class='bg-muted px-1 rounded'>environment:</code> or reference <code class='bg-muted px-1 rounded'>.env.dockhand</code> in <code class='bg-muted px-1 rounded'>env_file:</code> to pass them through."
 					existingSecretKeys={gitStack !== null ? existingSecretKeys : new Set()}
diff --git a/src/routes/stacks/StackModal.svelte b/src/routes/stacks/StackModal.svelte
index 33b86cf..ea9eaeb 100644
--- a/src/routes/stacks/StackModal.svelte
+++ b/src/routes/stacks/StackModal.svelte
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@
 	import CodeEditor, { type VariableMarker } from '$lib/components/CodeEditor.svelte';
 	import StackEnvVarsPanel from '$lib/components/StackEnvVarsPanel.svelte';
 	import { type EnvVar, type ValidationResult } from '$lib/components/StackEnvVarsEditor.svelte';
-	import { Layers, Save, Play, Code, GitGraph, GitBranch, GitCommitHorizontal, Github, Loader2, AlertCircle, X, Sun, Moon, TriangleAlert, GripVertical, FolderOpen, Copy, Check, XCircle, MapPin, ArrowRight, ArrowDown, Info, Box, FolderSync, HelpCircle, Archive } from 'lucide-svelte';
+	import SecretProviderPicker from '$lib/components/SecretProviderPicker.svelte';
+	import { SELECTOR_VARS } from '$lib/utils/bulk-selector';
+	import { classifyMarker, resolvedRefVarNames } from '$lib/utils/invault-markers';
+	import { Layers, Save, Play, Code, GitGraph, GitBranch, GitCommitHorizontal, Github, Loader2, AlertCircle, X, Sun, Moon, TriangleAlert, GripVertical, FolderOpen, Copy, Check, XCircle, MapPin, ArrowRight, ArrowDown, Info, Box, FolderSync, Archive } from 'lucide-svelte';
 	import BackupPanel from '../containers/BackupPanel.svelte';
 	import { volumesForStack, type VolumeInfo } from '$lib/utils/mounts';
 	import { fetchBackupExecutions } from '$lib/utils/backup';
@@ -15,7 +18,6 @@
 	import FilesystemBrowser from './FilesystemBrowser.svelte';
 	import PathBarItem from './PathBarItem.svelte';
 	import * as Tooltip from '$lib/components/ui/tooltip';
-	import * as Select from '$lib/components/ui/select';
 	import { Badge } from '$lib/components/ui/badge';
 	import { currentEnvironment, appendEnvParam } from '$lib/stores/environment';
 	import { appSettings } from '$lib/stores/settings';
@@ -71,9 +73,24 @@
 	let backupPanelRef = $state<BackupPanel | undefined>(undefined);
 
 	// Secret providers
-	type SecretProviderOption = { id: number; name: string };
+	type SecretProviderOption = { id: number; name: string; type: string };
 	let secretProviders = $state<SecretProviderOption[]>([]);
 	let formSecretProviderId = $state<number | null>(null);
+	// Provider-injected key NAMES from the last deploy (banner)
+	let injectedSecretKeys = $state<string[]>([]);
+	// Provider type/name for the injected-secrets banner in the env panel.
+	const selectedProviderType = $derived(
+		secretProviders.find((p) => p.id === formSecretProviderId)?.type ?? null
+	);
+	const selectedProviderName = $derived(
+		secretProviders.find((p) => p.id === formSecretProviderId)?.name ?? null
+	);
+	// Live probe of the bound provider: key NAMES currently present (bulk + resolved
+	// inline refs). Drives the editor's green IN VAULT marker. Empty when no provider
+	// is bound or the probe failed; probeError holds the reason on failure.
+	let providerKeySet = $state<Set<string>>(new Set());
+	let probeError = $state<string | null>(null);
+	let probeSeq = 0;
 
 	// Environment variables state
 	let envVars = $state<EnvVar[]>([]);
@@ -81,11 +98,9 @@
 	let envValidation = $state<ValidationResult | null>(null);
 	let validating = $state(false);
 
-	// The bulk-pull selector vars (OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID for 1Password, the generic
-	// DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR for other providers) are consumed by the secret
-	// provider, not the compose file, so they only count as "used" when a provider
-	// is bound to the stack.
-	const SELECTOR_VARS = ['OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID', 'DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR'];
+	// SELECTOR_VARS (OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID / DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR) are consumed by the
+	// secret provider, not the compose file, so they only count as "used" when a
+	// provider is bound to the stack.
 	const effectiveValidation = $derived.by<ValidationResult | null>(() => {
 		if (!envValidation || formSecretProviderId === null) return envValidation;
 		if (!envValidation.unused.some((v) => SELECTOR_VARS.includes(v))) return envValidation;
@@ -619,12 +634,14 @@
 
 		const markers: VariableMarker[] = [];
 
-		// Add missing required variables
+		// Add missing required variables - but a var the bound provider currently has
+		// (live probe) is 'invault' (green), not 'missing' (red). A failed probe forces
+		// MISSING so we never show a false green.
 		for (const name of envValidation.missing) {
 			const env = envVarMap.get(name);
 			markers.push({
 				name,
-				type: 'missing',
+				type: classifyMarker(name, true, providerKeySet, probeError !== null),
 				value: env?.value,
 				isSecret: env?.isSecret
 			});
@@ -664,14 +681,80 @@
 		debouncedValidate();
 	}
 
-	// Debounced validation to avoid too many API calls while typing
+	// Debounced validation to avoid too many API calls while typing. The live
+	// provider probe rides the same cadence so it doesn't hammer the provider.
 	function debouncedValidate() {
 		if (validateTimer) clearTimeout(validateTimer);
 		validateTimer = setTimeout(() => {
 			validateEnvVars();
+			runProbe();
 		}, 1000);
 	}
 
+	// op://... inline references in the current env vars, mapped var -> ref, so a
+	// resolved ref (the provider returns ref STRINGS) maps back to its var name.
+	function inlineRefPairs(): { varName: string; ref: string }[] {
+		const pairs: { varName: string; ref: string }[] = [];
+		for (const v of envVars) {
+			const key = v.key.trim();
+			const val = (v.value ?? '').trim();
+			if (key && val.startsWith('op://')) pairs.push({ varName: key, ref: val });
+		}
+		return pairs;
+	}
+
+	// Live-probe the bound provider for which required keys exist RIGHT NOW. Only
+	// key NAMES cross the wire. Guardrails: a provider must be selected; on any
+	// failure the key set is emptied and probeError is set (-> everything MISSING,
+	// never a false green). Guarded by probeSeq to drop stale responses.
+	async function runProbe() {
+		if (formSecretProviderId === null) {
+			providerKeySet = new Set();
+			probeError = null;
+			return;
+		}
+		const selector = (() => {
+			for (const name of SELECTOR_VARS) {
+				const hit = envVars.find((v) => v.key.trim() === name);
+				if (hit && hit.value.trim()) return hit.value.trim();
+			}
+			return undefined;
+		})();
+		const refPairs = inlineRefPairs();
+		if (!selector && refPairs.length === 0) {
+			providerKeySet = new Set();
+			probeError = null;
+			updateEditorMarkers();
+			return;
+		}
+		const seq = ++probeSeq;
+		try {
+			const response = await fetch(`/api/secret-providers/${formSecretProviderId}/probe`, {
+				method: 'POST',
+				headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+				body: JSON.stringify({ selector, refs: refPairs.map((p) => p.ref) })
+			});
+			if (seq !== probeSeq) return; // a newer probe superseded this one
+			const data = await response.json();
+			if (!response.ok || !data.ok) {
+				providerKeySet = new Set();
+				probeError = data.error || `Provider check failed (${response.status})`;
+			} else {
+				const names = [
+					...(data.bulkKeys ?? []),
+					...resolvedRefVarNames(refPairs, data.resolvedRefs ?? [])
+				];
+				providerKeySet = new Set(names);
+				probeError = null;
+			}
+		} catch (e) {
+			if (seq !== probeSeq) return;
+			providerKeySet = new Set();
+			probeError = e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Provider check failed';
+		}
+		updateEditorMarkers();
+	}
+
 	// Explicitly push markers to the editor (immediate=true since this is called after validation)
 	function updateEditorMarkers() {
 		if (!codeEditorRef) return;
@@ -722,7 +805,7 @@
 			const response = await fetch('/api/secret-providers');
 			if (!response.ok) return;
 			const data = await response.json();
-			secretProviders = (data ?? []).map((p: any) => ({ id: p.id, name: p.name }));
+			secretProviders = (data ?? []).map((p: any) => ({ id: p.id, name: p.name, type: p.type }));
 		} catch (e) {
 			console.warn('Failed to load secret providers:', e);
 		}
@@ -877,6 +960,8 @@
 				existingSecretKeys = new Set(
 					loadedVars.filter(v => v.isSecret && v.key.trim()).map(v => v.key.trim())
 				);
+				// Provider-injected key names from the last deploy (banner)
+				injectedSecretKeys = envData.injectedSecretKeys ?? [];
 			}
 
 			// Process raw .env file content
@@ -1319,6 +1404,7 @@
 				loadComposeFile().then(() => {
 					// Auto-validate after loading
 					validateEnvVars();
+					runProbe();
 				});
 			} else if (mode === 'create') {
 				// Set default compose content for create mode (library templates override default)
@@ -1330,6 +1416,7 @@
 				loading = false;
 				// Auto-validate default compose
 				validateEnvVars();
+				runProbe();
 			}
 		} else if (!open) {
 			hasInitialized = false; // Reset when modal closes
@@ -1345,6 +1432,7 @@
 		// Debounce to avoid too many API calls while typing
 		const timeout = setTimeout(() => {
 			validateEnvVars();
+			runProbe();
 		}, 800);
 
 		return () => clearTimeout(timeout);
@@ -1758,55 +1846,22 @@
 							</div>
 							<!-- Environment variables panel -->
 							<div class="flex-1 min-w-0 flex flex-col overflow-hidden bg-zinc-50 dark:bg-zinc-800/50">
-								<!-- Secret provider selector - hidden when no external provider is configured
-								     (still shown if this stack already has one bound, so it can be cleared). -->
-								{#if secretProviders.length > 0 || formSecretProviderId !== null}
-								<div class="px-3 py-2 border-b border-zinc-200 dark:border-zinc-700 bg-zinc-100/60 dark:bg-zinc-800/60 flex items-center gap-2 text-xs">
-									<Label for="secret-provider-select" class="text-xs text-muted-foreground shrink-0">Secret provider</Label>
-									<Select.Root
-										type="single"
-										value={formSecretProviderId !== null ? String(formSecretProviderId) : ''}
-										onValueChange={(v) => {
-											formSecretProviderId = v ? parseInt(v) : null;
-											markDirty();
-										}}
-									>
-										<Select.Trigger id="secret-provider-select" class="h-7 text-xs">
-											{#if formSecretProviderId !== null}
-												{secretProviders.find((p) => p.id === formSecretProviderId)?.name ?? 'Unknown provider'}
-											{:else}
-												<span class="text-muted-foreground">None — disabled</span>
-											{/if}
-										</Select.Trigger>
-										<Select.Content>
-											<Select.Item value="" label="None">
-												<span class="text-muted-foreground">None — disabled</span>
-											</Select.Item>
-											{#each secretProviders as provider (provider.id)}
-												<Select.Item value={String(provider.id)} label={provider.name}>
-													{provider.name}
-												</Select.Item>
-											{/each}
-										</Select.Content>
-									</Select.Root>
-									<Tooltip.Provider delayDuration={150}>
-										<Tooltip.Root>
-											<Tooltip.Trigger>
-												<HelpCircle class="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-muted-foreground shrink-0" />
-											</Tooltip.Trigger>
-											<Tooltip.Content class="max-w-xs text-xs">
-												Inline references (e.g. <code>op://</code> for 1Password) are still resolved. For bulk pull, set <code>OP_ENVIRONMENT_ID</code> (1Password Environment) or the generic <code>DOCKHAND_SECRET_SELECTOR</code> in env vars; the provider's secrets are loaded and injected.
-											</Tooltip.Content>
-										</Tooltip.Root>
-									</Tooltip.Provider>
-								</div>
-								{/if}
+								<SecretProviderPicker
+									bind:secretProviderId={formSecretProviderId}
+									bind:envVars
+									providers={secretProviders}
+									onchange={() => { markDirty(); debouncedValidate(); }}
+								/>
 								<StackEnvVarsPanel
 									bind:this={envVarsPanelRef}
 									bind:variables={envVars}
 									bind:rawContent={rawEnvContent}
 									validation={effectiveValidation}
 									existingSecretKeys={mode === 'edit' ? existingSecretKeys : new Set()}
+									injectedSecretKeys={mode === 'edit' ? injectedSecretKeys : []}
+									providerType={selectedProviderType}
+									providerName={selectedProviderName}
+									{probeError}
 									{readonly}
 									onchange={() => { markDirty(); debouncedValidate(); }}
 									theme={editorTheme}